邁凱輪車隊

迈凯轮（McLaren）由布鲁斯·麦克拉伦(Bruce McLaren)（1937年 - 1970年）于1963年建立，是一支基地位于英国沃金(Woking)的车队。它是著名的一级方程式赛车车队，同时也参加印第安纳波利斯500(Indianaapolis 500)、加拿大-美国挑战杯(Canadian-American Challenge Cup)以及勒芒24小时耐力赛。它的全称是迈凯轮梅塞德斯车队（Team McLaren Merceds）。车队由罗恩·丹尼斯(Ron Dennis)管理，由迈凯轮竞技(McLaren Racing)控制，是迈凯轮集团(McLaren Group)的成员

1990年，迈凯轮汽车(McLaren Cars)建立，在车队专家意见的基础上生产公路汽车。

迈凯轮是F1中最为成功的车队之一。

二十世纪六十年代

Bruce McLaren Motor Racing was founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren. The amiable Kiwi made the team’s Grand Prix debut at the 1966 Monaco race, however Bruce’s race was rather short lived due to a terminal oil leak on the car.

In 1966 and 1967, the team raced only one car in the Championship with Bruce behind the wheel. In addition to his Grand Prix duties, Bruce also contested the Can Am Championship that year and alongside team mate Denny Hulme, the pair won five out of the season’s six races.

In 1968 the team consisted of two drivers including reigning Formula One World Champion Denny Hulme who also drove for McLaren in Can Am that year. Bruce won the non-championship Race of Champions at the Brands Hatch circuit, then the Belgian Grand Prix was the scene of the team's first Championship win.

A further three podium finishes followed for Bruce in 1969, while he and Hulme won each round of the Can Am Championship.

二十世纪七十年代

As a team, McLaren had a disastrous beginning to the decade, with the death of team boss Bruce McLaren while testing the latest CanAm car at Goodwood. Despite this immense setback, they pulled together and achieved notable successes in several formulae, including CanAm, Formula 1, Formula 2, IndyCar and F5000.

McLaren decided to abandon the CanAm series at end of the 1972 season, focussing solely on Formula 1 and IndyCar. This decision turned out to be the right one: in 1974 they achieved their first Formula 1 World Constructors' and World Drivers' championship (with Emerson Fittipaldi) and their first Indy 500 win (with Johnny Rutherford). The Drivers' Championship would come their way again in 1976 with James Hunt.

McLaren finally ended their IndyCar involvement at end of 1979 season after increasingly poor returns from the series.

二十世纪八十年代

The current McLaren F1 team resulted from a merger of the McLaren team and Ron Dennis' personal Formula 2 team Project 4 in 1981. This had caused some confusion among fans of the sport, as all McLaren cars since 1981 have carried the designation "M/P4-xx." In this case the "P4" comes from Project 4, and has no relation to the generation of chassis.

The most successful period in McLaren's history came under the early leadership of Ron Dennis. John Barnard designed the revolutionary M/P4-1 chassis, the first F1 chassis made entirely of carbon-fibre composites, which proved very strong when mated to the TAG / Porsche turbo engine. A succession of strong drivers helped, with Niki Lauda, Alain Prost, Keke Rosberg, and Stefan Johansson driving for the team in this period. McLaren-Porsche won the Constructors' title in 1984 (with Lauda taking the Drivers' crown), and 1985 (with Prost winning his first world title). McLaren did not win the Constructors' Championship in 1986, although Prost took the drivers' title again.

After losing the previous two Constructors titles to Williams in 1986 and 1987, McLaren was able to convince Honda to switch its backing from Williams starting in 1988. The McLaren-Honda won an amazing 15 of 16 races that year and leading all but 27 laps, achieving a staggering and unbeaten record to this date. (Senna had been leading comfortably at Monza, but collided with back-marker Jean-Louis Schlesser's Williams.) Ayrton Senna took the driver's title that season, his first with the Woking marque. The next year, using a new 3.5L atmospheric engine designed by Honda, McLaren again won both titles, with Alain Prost clinching it in Japan after a highly-controversial collision with his teammate Senna. This was the culmination of a vitriolic feud between the two men.

Alain Prost left to join the Ferrari team in 1990. Nevertheless, McLaren continued to dominate Formula One for the next two seasons, with Senna winning the World Drivers' Championship in 1990 and 1991, and McLaren taking the constructors title in both of those years. New teammate Gerhard Berger helped to ensure this double success.

二十世纪九十年代中期

From 1992 onwards, McLaren fell into a decline. After the thorough dominance of the Renault-powered Williams in 1992, Honda left Formula One. McLaren switched to Ford engines. While these proved suitable in the hands of Senna, American Michael Andretti's season was a disaster, scoring only a handful of points. He was replaced before the end of the year by Finnish youngster Mika Häkkinen. In 1994, Senna departed for Williams, and Martin Brundle joined Häkkinen in new Peugeot-powered cars. The results were unimpressive, and Peugeot was dropped after a single year in favour of promising new Mercedes-Benz engine. But 1995 was even worse than 1994, with the radical M/P4-10 proving to be too heavy and slow. Former Champion Nigel Mansell was too wide to fit into the car!

1996 was the end of an era for McLaren, as they parted company with long-term sponsors Marlboro, and the famous red and white McLaren livery disappeared from Formula One to be replaced with West branding and a silver Mercedes livery.

二十世纪九十年代末期

Despite the struggles of 1996, the Mercedes engine came good in the end. While Williams dominated F1 in 1996 and 1997, McLaren made slow, careful strides with its Mercedes engine and drivers Häkkinen and David Coulthard. Coulthard made a promising start to the 1997 Formula One season by winning the Australian Grand Prix. The car was not good enough to consistently win grands prix, although Coulthard also won the Italian Grand Prix. During 1997 McLaren poached Williams' talented designer, Adrian Newey. Then Mika Häkkinen offered a taste of things to come with his victory in the final race of the 1997 season, the European Grand Prix.

The fact that McLaren now had Adrian Newey on board, coupled with the withdrawal of Renault at the end of 1997, meant that McLaren was now perfectly positioned to strike. In 1998 the McLaren was once again able to regularly challenge for Grand Prix victories, winning nine grands prix that year. Häkkinen took the Drivers' Championship in 1998, scoring 100 points, and McLaren took the Constructors' Championship in 1998. Häkkinen took the title again in 1999, but the season was more difficult for the team who lost the Constructors' Championship to Ferrari.

二十一世纪

2000年又是一個近距離戰的賽季，但是最後法拉利的-{A|zh-cn:迈克尔·舒马赫;zh-tw:麥可·舒馬赫;zh-hk:米高·舒麥加}-還是贏了。

自從2000年後，邁凱輪車隊有點掙扎著要取回它在一級方程式賽車界內龍頭的位置，部分原因是因為意識到Mercedes引擎缺少速度。在2001年， Mika Häkkinen dropped off the pace in comparison with Coulthard, although neither driver could compete with the now dominant combination of Michael Schumacher and Ferrari. In 2002 Häkkinen took a sabbatical (which turned into retirement), opening the way for promising compatriot Kimi Räikkönen to take his place. McLaren only captured four wins over the following three seasons. 2002 saw just a single win at Monaco for Coulthard.

2003 started very promisingly, with wins at the two first grands prix of the year, one each for Coulthard and Räikkönen. However, rival teams soon caught up as McLaren was severely hampered in by the development of the M/P4-18, a radical new design which due to reliability problems never raced in anger. This forced the team to use the year-old M/P4-17D, a very severe handicap in modern Formula One racing. However, despite this, Räikkönen finished in the points consistently and challenged Michael Schumacher for the championship all the way up to the very last race, eventually losing the title by only 2 points.

車隊在2004年賽季推出M/P4-19，技術指導Adrian Newey描述這台車為「M/P4-18的改良版本」。This proved to be anything but the case, and a new car was required by mid-season. The M/P4-19B was basically an all new car with a radically redesigned aerodynamic package. The fact that Coulthard qualified third for its first race, the French Grand Prix, gave the team hope of a better end to the season which was realised when Räikkönen took a famous victory at the 2004 Belgian Grand Prix ahead of Michael Schumacher.

2005年

Coulthard was replaced by Juan Pablo Montoya for the 2005 season, driving alongside Räikkönen. It wasn't quite the dream start for Montoya, who had to be replaced by test drivers Pedro de la Rosa and Alexander Wurz after sustaining an injury. However, the 2005 Formula One season has been more successful for McLaren. This success has been tainted somewhat by reliability issues which continued to haunt the team throughout the year, for example Räikkönen suffered his third engine change penalty at the Italian Grand Prix.

While faster than the resurgent Renault F1 team in most of the races, Renault (and Fernando Alonso in particular) have been able to capitalise when McLarens have broken down. However when Alonso claimed the driver's title, Renault abandoned their conservative approach in both car development and Alonso's driving style. By common consent the Renault R-25 could almost match McLaren's speed at the penultimate Japanese Grand Prix and at the Chinese Grand Prix, where safety car ruined Räikkonen's race strategy and Renault's unsportsmanlike act using Fisichella slowing both McLarens allowed Alonso to take his seventh win of the season. Unlucky Montoya hitted an open drain cover and that ultimately denied McLaren the Constructors' title. At the final grand prix of the season Ron Dennis said: "We feel our championship efforts were thwarted by our conservative approach to the first four races."

赞助商

皇家烟草（以韦斯特香烟的形式）是1997年至2005年 7月29日期间迈凯轮的首席赞助商。但在欧盟禁止做烟草广告之后，迈凯轮不得不重新寻找新的首席赞助商。

On February 22 2005 Diageo plc and Team McLaren announced that Diageo would become principal sponsor of the team through its 尊尼获加 brand, the most popular brand of whiskey worldwide. "Johnnie Walker" titles and "walking man" images were applied to the team's cars (either side of the air intake) for the Hungarian Grand Prix, however "Johnnie Walker" is not be part of the team name. The team will therefore be known as 'Team McLaren Mercedes' until a new title sponsor can be found.

数据统计

赛季	名字	车型	轮胎	引擎	油料	车手	排名
2005年	迈凯轮-梅塞德斯车队	MP4-20	米其林	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	奇米·雷克南胡安·巴勃罗·蒙托亚佩德罗·德拉·罗萨亚历山大·维尔茨	第2名(182分)
2004年	韦斯特迈凯轮梅塞德斯	MP4-19 MP4-19B	米其林	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	大卫·库塔奇米·雷克南	第5名(69分)
2003年	韦斯特迈凯轮梅塞德斯	MP4-17D MP4-18	米其林	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	大卫·库塔奇米·雷克南	第3名(142分)
2002年	韦斯特迈凯轮梅塞德斯	MP4-17	米其林	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	大卫·库塔奇米·雷克南	第3名(65分)
2001年	韦斯特迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-16	普利司通	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第2名(102分)
2000年	韦斯特迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-15	普利司通	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第2名(152分)
1999年	韦斯特迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-14	普利司通	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第2名(124分)
1998年	韦斯特迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-13	普利司通	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第1名(156分)
1997年	韦斯特迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-12	固特异	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第4名(63分)
1996年	万宝路迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-11	固特异	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁大卫·库塔	第4名(49分)
1995年	万宝路迈凯轮-梅塞德斯	MP4-10 MP4-10B MP4-10C	固特异	梅塞德斯-奔驰	美孚	米卡·哈基宁奈杰尔·曼塞尔马克·布伦德尔扬·马格努森	第4名(30分)
1994年	万宝路迈凯轮-标致	MP4-9	固特异	标致	壳牌	米卡·哈基宁马丁·布伦德尔菲利普·阿利奥	第4名(42分)
1993年	万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-8	固特异	福特	壳牌	艾尔顿·塞纳迈克尔·安德烈蒂米卡·哈基宁	第2名(84分)
1992年	本田万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-6B MP4-7A	固特异	本田	壳牌	艾尔顿·塞纳格哈德·贝格尔	第2名(99分)
1991年	本田万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-6	固特异	本田	壳牌	艾尔顿·塞纳格哈德·贝格尔	第1名(139分)
1990年	本田万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-5B	固特异	本田	壳牌	艾尔顿·塞纳格哈德·贝格尔	第1名(121分)
1989年	本田万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-5	固特异	本田	壳牌	艾尔顿·塞纳阿兰·普罗斯特	第1名(141分)
1988年	本田万宝路迈凯轮	MP4-4	固特异	本田	壳牌	阿兰·普罗斯特艾尔顿·塞纳	第1名(199分)
1987年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-3	固特异	TAG	壳牌	Stefan Johansson Alain Prost	2 (76 pts)
1986年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-2C	固特异	TAG	壳牌	Alain Prost Keke Rosberg	2 (96 pts)
1985年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-2B	固特异	TAG	壳牌	Niki Lauda Alain Prost John Watson	1 (90 pts)
1984年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-2	米其林	TAG	壳牌	Niki Lauda Alain Prost	1 (143,5 pts)
1983年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-1C MP4-1E	米其林	TAG	Unipart	Niki Lauda John Watson	5 (43 pts)
1982年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	MP4-1B	米其林	福特	Unipart	Niki Lauda John Watson	2 (69 pts)
1981年	万宝路迈凯轮国际	M29C M29F MP4-1	米其林	福特	Unipart	Andrea de Cesaris John Watson	6 (28 pts)
1980年	万宝路迈凯轮车队	M29B M29C M30	固特异	福特	嘉士多	Alain Prost Stephen South John Watson	8 (11 pts)
1979年	万宝路迈凯轮车队	M26 M28 M28B M28C M29	固特异	福特	嘉士多	Patrick Tambay John Watson	7 (15 pts)
1978年	万宝路迈凯轮车队	M23 M26	固特异	福特	德士古	Bruno Giacomelli James Hunt Brett Lunger Nelson Piquet Patrick Tambay Tony Trimmer Emilio de Villota	8 (15 pts)
1977年	万宝路迈凯轮车队	M23 M26	固特异	福特	德士古	Bruno Giacomelli James Hunt Brett Lunger Jochen Mass Gilles Villeneuve Emilio de Villota	3 (60 pts)
1976年	万宝路迈凯轮车队	M23	固特异	福特	德士古	James Hunt Jochen Mass	2 (75 pts)
1975年	万宝路德士古车队	M23	固特异	福特	德士古	Dave Charlton Emerson Fittipaldi Jochen Mass	3 (63 pts)
1974年	亚德利迈凯轮车队	M23	固特异	福特	德士古	Dave Charlton Emerson Fittipaldi Mike Hailwood David Hobbs Denny Hulme Jochen Mass	1 (73 pts)
1973年	亚德利迈凯轮车队	M19A M19C M23	固特异	福特	海湾	Denny Hulme Jacky Ickx Peter Revson Jody Scheckter	3 (58 pts)
1972年	亚德利迈凯轮车队	M19A M19C	固特异	福特	海湾	Denny Hulme Brian Redman Peter Revson Jody Scheckter	3 (47 pts)
1971年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M7C M14A M19A	固特异	福特	海湾	Jo Bonnier Mark Donohue Helmut Marko Peter Gethin Denny Hulme Helmut Marko Jackie Oliver	6 (10 pts)
1970年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M7C M14A M7D M14D	固特异泛世通	福特	海湾	Andrea de Adamich Jo Bonnier Nanni Galli Peter Gethin Dan Gurney Denny Hulme Bruce McLaren John Surtees	4 (34 pts)
1969年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M7A M7B M7C M9A	固特异邓禄普	福特	壳牌海湾	Derek Bell Vic Elford Denny Hulme Bruce McLaren Basil van Rooyen	4 (38 pts)
1968年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M5A M7A	固特异	福特 BRM	壳牌	Jo Bonnier Dan Gurney Denny Hulme Bruce McLaren	2 (51 pts)
1967年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M4B M5A / M7A	固特异	BRM	壳牌	Bruce McLaren	8 (3 pts)
1966年	布鲁斯迈凯轮汽车竞技	M2B	泛世通	福特	?	Bruce McLaren	8 (3 pts)

外部連結

一級方程式車隊

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