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奧斯定会 (Augustinians,後誤稱為Austins),為遵行《聖奧斯定會規》生活的男女修會的總稱。

11世纪起,意大利Tuscany地区出现了几个遵守聖奧斯定會規的隐修团体,如Williamites,John-Bonites和Brictinans。1243年12月16日 ,教宗英诺森四世将它们合并组成一个修会,

全盛時期有42個會省,兩個代牧區 (在印度摩拉維亞),2000家會院,30000名會士。

奧斯定會有2个主要分支:

  • 拉丁语:Ordo Sancti Augustini,OSA;英语:Order of St. Augustine)
  • 重整奧斯定会拉丁语:Ordo Augustinianorum Recollectorum,OAR;英语:Order of Augustinian Recollects)

著名會士


馬丁路德

  • The Canons Regular of Saint Augustine called 奧斯定会Canons, or Austin Canons (austin being a corruption of '奧斯定会'), one of 最古老 and most prestigious orders
  • The Order of the Hermit Friars of Saint Augustine or O.S.A., formerly called 奧斯定会Hermits,今天称为奧斯定会Friars or Austin Friars, a mendicant order.
Two offshoots, resulting from reform efforts, are known as Barefoot, or Discalced 奧斯定会,和重整奧斯定会.

It is probable that Augustine composed no monastic rule despite the extant Augustinian Rule。Constitutiones Ordinis Fratrum S. Augustini (罗马1968) , for the hortatory letter to 修女 at Hippo Regius (Epist., ccxi, Benedictine ed.) can not properly be considered such; nevertheless three sets have been attributed to him (texts in Holstenius-Brockie, Codex regularum monasticarum, ii, 奥格斯堡, 1759, 121-127), the longest of which, a medieval compilation from certain pseudo-Augustinian sermons in 45 chapters, is the one commonly known as the regula Augustini, and served as the constitution of the Augustinian Canons and 许多修会 imitating them, as, 例如多明我会

Alexander IV (1254年-1261年),who wished to antagonize 更强大的方济各会和多明我会。

Several general chapters in 13世纪(1287年1290年) and toward 16世纪末 (1575年1580年),after the severe crisis occasioned by Luther's reformation, developed the statutes to their present form (text in Holstenius-Brockie, ut sup., iv, 227-357; cf. Kolde, 17-38), which was confirmed by Pope Gregory XIII. A bull of Pius V in 1567年 had already assigned to the Hermits of Saint Augustine the place next to the last (between Carmelites and Servites) among the five chief mendicant orders.

德国1299年以前只有1个会省,于该年分为4个会省: a Rheno-Swabia巴伐利亚科隆-FlemishThuringo-下萨克森.

To the last belonged 最著名的德国 Augustinian theologians before Luther: Andreas Proles (d. 1503), the founder of the Union or Congregation of the Observant Augustinian Hermits, organized after strict principles; Johann von Paltz, the famous Erfurt professor and pulpit-orator (d. 1511年); Johann von Staupitz, Luther's monastic superior and Wittenberg colleague (d. 1524年).

Reforms were also introduced into the extra-German branches of the order, but a long time after Proles's reform and in connection with Counter-Reformation of 16世纪和17世纪。最重要的later observant congregations 是西班牙 Augustinian tertiary 修女,founded in 1545年 by Archbishop Thomas of Villanova巴伦西亚; the "reformed" Augustinian nuns who originated under 的影响Saint Theresa after 16世纪末在马德里, Alcoy葡萄牙; and barefoot Augustinians (in 法国Augustins déchaussés) founded about 1560 by Thomas a Jesu (d. 1582).

外部連結


國際奧斯定會

天主教組織

Augustinerordenen | Augustiner | Augustinians | Orden de San Agustín | Augustinolaiset | אוגוסטינים | 聖アウグスチノ修道会 | Augustijnen (kloosterorde) | Augustianie | Августинский орден | Augustinerorden

 

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the "奧斯定會".

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