Surgery is an operation. It is when a doctor does a physical thing to a person's body to treat a disease. For example, if a person has a cancer in their kidney a doctor may cut into their abdomen and take the kidney out. This keeps the cancer from spreading and killing the person.

Surgery also is the medical specialty that does surgery. Doctors who study surgery are called surgeons.

Surgery (operations) can be very simple, like draining a skin abscess (a pocket of pus or liquid from infection under the skin. Also called a boil.) Surgery can also be very complicated, like surgery to remove a brain cancer or surgery to fix congenital heart disease in a baby. (Congenital means 'born with'.)

Some common surgeries are:

• Appendectomy – treatment for appendicitis (infected appendix.) Surgeons take out the appendix (tube like structure that comes off the first part of the large intestine.)
• Cholecystectomy – treatment for cholecystitis (infected gallbladder). Surgeons take out the gallbladder.
• Herniorrhaphy – treatment for a hernia (weak area of the abdominal wall that lets things inside the abdomen push out.) Surgeon opens up the skin, finds the weak area, and repairs (fixes) it.

medicine

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