Timolol maleate is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. In its oral form (Blocadren®), it is used to treat high blood pressure and prevent heart attacks, and occasionally to prevent migraine headaches. In its ophthalmic form (Timoptic®), it is used to treat open-angle and occasionally secondary glaucoma.

Side effects

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The most serious possible side effects include cardiac arrhythmias and severe bronchospasms. Timolol can also lead to fainting, stroke, congestive heart failure, depression, confusion, and impotence.

Usual Dosage

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• Children and Adults: Ophthalmic: Initial: 0.25% solution, instill 1 drop twice daily; increase to 0.5% solution if response not adequate; decrease to 1 drop/day if *controlled; do not exceed 1 drop twice daily of 0.5% solution Adults: Oral:
• Hypertension: Initial: 10 mg twice daily, increase gradually every 7 days, usual dosage: 20-40 mg/day in 2 divided doses; maximum: 60 mg/day
• Prevention of myocardial infarction: 10 mg twice daily initiated within 1-4 weeks after infarction
• Migraine headache: Initial: 10 mg twice daily, increase to maximum of 30 mg/day

Dosage Forms

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• Gel-forming solution, ophthalmic, as maleate (Timoptic-XE®): 0.25% (2.5 mL, 5 mL); 0.5% (2.5 mL, 5 mL)
• Solution, ophthalmic, as hemihydrate (Betimol®): 0.25% (5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL); 0.5% (5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL) benzalkonium chloride
• Solution, ophthalmic, as maleate: 0.25% (5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL); 0.5% (5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL) benzalkonium chloride
• Timoptic®: 0.25% (5 mL, 10 mL); 0.5% (5 mL, 10 mL) benzalkonium chloride
• Solution, ophthalmic, as maleate free (Timoptic® OcuDose®): 0.25% (0.2 mL);0.5% (0.2 mL) use
• Tablet, as maleate (Blocadren®): 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg

U.S./Canadian Brand Names

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• Apo®-Timol ^*
• Apo®-Timop ^*
• Betimol® ^*
• Blocadren® ^*
• Gen-Timolol ^*
• Istalol® ^*
• Nu-Timolol ^*
• Phoxal-timolol ^*
• PMS-Timolol ^*
• Tim-AK ^*
• Timoptic® OcuDose® ^*
• Timoptic® ^*
• Timoptic-XE® ^*
• Therapeutic Category
• Beta-Adrenergic Blocker

Beta blockers

Тимолол