Synaptophysin is a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein weighing 38kDa. It is present in endocrine cells, the brain, the spinal cord, and adrenal glands. It acts as a marker for neuroendocrine cells.

The gene for this protein is located on the X chromosome (Xp11.23-p11.22). The exact function of the protein is unknown: when the gene is experimentally inactivated in animals, they still develop and function normally.

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Glycoproteins