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A supervillain is a variant of the villain character type, commonly found in comic books, action movies and science fiction in various mediums. Supervillains concoct complex and ambitious schemes to accumulate power and suppress adversaries. They often have colorful names and costumes and/or other eccentricities. Female supervillains are sometimes known as supervillainesses.

Supervillains are often used as foils to superheroes and other fictional heroes. Their extraordinary brainpower and/or superhuman abilities make them viable antagonists for the most gifted heroes.

Many supervillains share typical characteristics of real world dictators, mobsters, and terrorists.

Common Traits

While supervillains vary greatly, there are a number of attributes that define the character. Most supervillains have at least a few of the following traits:
  • A desire to commit spectacular crimes and/or rule the world—or in some cases an entire universe—through whatever means necessary.
  • A sadistic nature and tendency to revel in their sociopathic behavior and/or supposed intellectual superiority
  • An enemy or group of enemies that he or she repeatedly fights.
  • A desire for revenge against said enemies. The method of revenge often goes beyond simply killing them to making them suffer before death, such as using deathtraps.
  • A brilliant scientific mind that he or she chooses to use for evil (see also mad scientist and evil genius).
  • Superhuman abilities or special skills, similar to those of superheroes. Frequently, these skills are gained through selfish meddling with science as opposed to the "natural" or "accidental" gifts possessed by superheroes. Compare the origins of the Green Goblin or Doctor Octopus to their nemesis Spider-Man.
  • A dark and threatening-looking headquarters or lair, the location of which is usually kept secret from police, superheroes and the general public. Examples include Magneto’s headquarters Asteroid M and The Legion of Doom’s Hall of Doom. However, some supervillains who feel secure from prosecution live and work in palatial buildings, such as Doctor Doom's castles in his country of Latveria and the office buildings and research facilities of the Green Goblin’s alter ego Norman Osborne. Others are mobile and do not have one particular base of operations.
  • Although super villain “team-ups” occasionally occur and some supervillain teams exist, such as the Brotherhood of Mutants and Sinister Six, most supervillains do not collaborate with one another but employ a team of simple-minded and expendable henchmen to assist them. Some supervillains, such as Darth Vader and Cobra Commander, control entire armies whose troops are considered equally expendable and subject to murderously draconian discipline.
  • Due to a cowardly nature or physical inequality to their foes, some supervillains manipulate events from behind the scenes. These include Lex Luthor, a physical weakling compared to Superman, and Ernst Stavro Blofeld of the James Bond novel and film series.
  • A strong commitment to their criminal profession to the point where they will quickly resume their activities in their favorite area immediately after escaping prison or recovering from serious injury.
  • A refusal to accept responsibility for personal mistakes and setbacks in favor of blaming their enemies.
  • A back story or origin story that explains how the character transformed from an ordinary person into a supervillain. The story usually involves some great tragedy that marked the change. In the case of many supervillains, including Two-Face, Magneto, Doctor Doom, and some versions of Lex Luthor, this story involves a one-time friendship with their future foe.

Personality Types

One thing that supervillains do not share is motivation; characters choose to become supervillains for many different reasons:
  • Red Skull, Lex Luthor, Professor Moriarty, and many others are portrayed as outright evil and power-hungry. Few writers attempt to portray them with any redeeming qualities. This approach was common in the Golden Age of Comic Books, but subsequent writers prefer more complex villains. Marvel Comics writer/editor Stan Lee often says it is more important that fans sympathize with villains than heroes.
  • Darth Vader, Venom, Zen-Aku, and the Green Goblin, have fallen under some corrupting influence. In some cases, such as the ending of Return of the Jedi, the character overcomes his or her manipulator and is able to somewhat redeem themselves.
  • Sabretooth, Typhoid Mary, The Joker and most other Batman villains are criminally insane and incapable of controlling their murderous urges.
  • Sandman, Electro and Blob are simply thugs with superhuman abilities. They often work as henchmen of more ambitious and intelligent supervillains.
  • Man-Bat, The Lizard and Sauron undergo werewolf-like transformations into animalistic creatures that cannot control their savagery.
  • Mr. Mxyzptlk, Impossible Man and Q, are tricksters who torment heroes for their own pleasure. In addition, they are typically far more powerful than the heroes and must be outwitted.
  • The Super-Skrull, Davros, Lord Zedd and Brainiac are extraterrestrials and their behavior is either common or encouraged on their home planets.
  • A few characters deemed supervillains actually have goals that could be considered noble but pursue them in extreme ways. The best-known example is the X-Men’s enemy Magneto, a Holocaust survivor who seeks to end the human oppression of mutants, but uses war and terrorism to accomplish his goals. John Sunlight, featured in Doc Savage pulp magazines, Syndrome of the movie The Incredibles, and Ozymandias of the comic book series Watchmen have large-scale utopian goals but resort to destructive measures to implement them. Furthermore, they tend to callously shrug off the harm they inflict on the innocent as being part of a "greater good" that requires certain sacrifices. Poison Ivy and Ra's Al Ghul, both ecoterrorists and Batman adversaries, are dedicated to protecting the natural environment from human civilization but are willing to eliminate humanity to do so.
  • Japanese anime and tokusatsu series often feature noble villains, similar to the type described above. This type shows a sort of respect for his or her foe. As a common plot device, they, or one of their comrades or kin, owe a debt to the hero and work to repay it. However, when the debt is paid, the villain continues with his or her crimes.
  • A few supervillains, such as Galactus and the First Evil personify forces of nature and cannot be judged by simple standards of morality.

In the Modern Age of Comic Books, heroes and villains have generally become less morally absolute. While many superheroes were portrayed as psychologically complex and morally fallible, if not questionable, villains have also become more multifaceted. Psychological impulses and personal tragedy were often explored as motivations behind their behavior. During this time, many villains were “redeemed” and, either permanently or provisionally, became anti-heroes. Examples include Magneto, Elektra, Venom, Sandman, Catwoman, Emma Frost, Juggernaut and Mystique

Supervillains as Foils

Many supervillains are portrayed as an inversion of their foe. For example, Wolverine constantly tries to contain his animalistic urges, while Sabretooth fully embraces his. Batman is often portrayed as a humorless dark character who stands for order, while The Joker is an irrational, joke-loving, brightly colored character who represents the chaos which disrupts the order. The Incredible Hulk is the raging, reckless alter ego of a brilliant scientist while The Leader is the intelligent, conniving alter ego of a person of average intellect and both were transformed by gamma radiation.

Occasionally, this contrast is more direct. Bizarro is an alternate reality version of Superman from a “Bizarro World” in which everything is an inversion of its DC Universe counterpart (In the current DC Comics continuity, however, he is a flawed clone of Superman.) Like Captain Marvel, Black Adam was once a protégé of the wizard Shazam, but used his powers for evil and has returned to challenge Marvel, wearing a costume that parodies his.

These contrasts help build-up the mythic grandeur of superhero and villain relationships and allow the villain to serve as a foil for the hero.

Origins

By most definitions, the first supervillain was John Devil, a proto-Fantômas, created by Paul Féval, père in his eponymous 1862 novel, or Féval's nearly-immortal, machiavellian Colonel Bozzo-Corona, leader of Les Habits Noirs introduced in 1863. Then, we have Professor Moriarty, the arch enemy of Arthur Conan Doyle’s detective Sherlock Holmes, introduced in 1891. Dr. Fu Manchu, the antagonist of several popular novels of Sax Rohmer, is credited with popularizing many of the typical characteristics of the modern supervillain, including his sadistic personality, his desire for world domination, and his use of sinister lairs and themed crimes and henchmen. Rohmer's work had a strong influence on Ian Fleming, whose James Bond novels and their film adaptations further popularized the image of the supervillain in popular culture.

The first supervillain who wore a bizarre costume was the Lightning, from the 1938 film Fighting Devil Dogs, which preceded the first modern superhero, Superman.

The first supervillain to regularly battle a superhero was Ultra-Humanite, who first appeared in Action Comics #13 (1939).

Well-known supervillains

Well-known parodies of supervillains

Because the supervillain is such a common but distinct character type in modern fiction, several parodies have been created. Some of the best-known include:
  • Mr. Burns, crotchety power plant owner on The Simpsons, takes on the role of supervillain in various episodes, as when he builds a device to block out the sun which causes Waylon Smithers to remark: "He's gone from regular villainy to cartoonish super-villainy!" At least one episode featured a shot of Mr. Burns with the Darth Vader theme playing. Mr Burns also bears a likeness of the Evil Emperor Palpatine, another villain in the Star Wars saga.
  • Stewie Griffin, diabolically ingenious, talking baby of the TV series Family Guy. In earlier episodes attempted to control the weather, to rid the world of broccoli, and his biggest aspiration is to kill his mother, Lois. Latter episodes have portrayed him as merely inconsiderate, prematurely grumpy and possibly gay.
    • Dr. Evil, bumbling criminal mastermind and adversary of Austin Powers in a series of spy film spoofs. His clothing suggests he is parodying Blofeld from the James Bond movies.
    • The Brain, from the cartoon series Animaniacs and one of the titular stars of the spin-off show, Pinky and the Brain, is a diminutive lab mouse bent on global conquest.
    • Syndrome, hyperactive and schizophrenic evil genius and superhero-wannabe from the computer animated film The Incredibles, and arch-enemy of the Incredible Family.
    • , the main villain and common adversary of both sides in the second and third seasons of the machinima series Red vs Blue, is an over-the-top supervillain caricature. He frequently uses clichés and ridiculous dialogue such as "You foolish fools will never defeat me! You're far too busy being foolish!", or "Prepare for an oblivion, for which there is no preparation!", usually accompanied by extreme close-ups of his helmet visor, and followed by evil laughter. He also has a penchant for plans that are unlikely to succeed, such as an effort to conquer the universe with a weather control machine (it was pointed out in a deleted scene on the Red vs Blue Season 3 DVD that it wouldn't help him fight anything in space.)
    • Professor Chaos, the recurring alter ego of Butters, a fourth grader on the animated series South Park, seeks to spread fear and chaos as revenge upon the world that has forsaken him (made him socially unpopular), but has a problem with scale. Exploits include switching people's soup at a restaurant, attempting to destroy the ozone layer by spraying regular aerosol cans and flooding the planet by leaving the backyard hose on. Once suffered an existential crisis prompted by the fact that all of his plans had previously been done on The Simpsons.
    • Dark Helmet, and the Spaceballs. A parody of Darth Vader with a new and creative twist: underneath his massive helmet is a short man wearing a tie.
    • Casanova Frankenstein is the villain in the 1999 movie Mystery Men. He employed several gangs of themed henchmen including the "Disco Boys." His goal was to destroy Champion City with a doomsday machine.

    Other uses

    • Linux users occasionally use the term "Supervillain" as a comical self-reference, inspired by the Switch to Linux cartoon by Chris Hill. The cartoon features a character named Steve, who describes how Linux helps him become a Supervillain.

    External links

    Stock characters | Supervillains

    Superschurke | Super-vilain | 怪人 | Superroisto | Supercriminale | Superskurk

 

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the "Supervillain".

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