Gourt Home::Gourt :: Succinic acid
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| Other names | succinic acid ethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid |
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| Melting point | } °C |
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Succinic acid, originally called spirit of amber, is a dicarboxylic acid with the formula:
- HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH
At room temperature, pure succinic acid is a solid that forms colorless, odorless prisms. It has a melting point of 185 °C and a boiling point of 235 °C. The anion, succinate, is a component of the citric acid cycle and is capable of donating electrons to the electron transfer chain via the following reaction:
This is catalysed by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (or complex II of the mitochondrial ETC). The complex is a 4 subunit membrane-bound lipoprotein which couples the oxidation of succinate to the reduction of ubiquinone. Intermediate electron carriers are FAD and three Fe2S2 clusters part of subunit B.
Esters of succinic acid are called dialkyl succinates.
History
Spirit of amber was procured from amber by pulverising and distilling it by a sand heat (a sand bath; vessel filled with heated sand). It was chiefly used externally for rheumatic aches and pains, and internally in inveterate gleets.
Safety
The acid is combustible and corrosive, capable of causing burns. "Harmful by inhalation, ingestion and through skin absorption. Wash after handling. Eye contact may cause serious damage."
References
See also
- Oil of amber, procured by heating succinic acid
External links
Citric acid cycle compounds | Dicarboxylic acids
Янтарна киселина | Ravsyre | Bernsteinsäure | Ηλεκτρικό οξύ | Acido succinico | Barnsteenzuur | コハク酸 | Kwas bursztynowy | Янтарная кислота | Bärnstenssyra
"Succinic acid"