This article is about a feeling of believing in oneself. For other meanings see Pride (disambiguation).

Pride refers to a strong sense of self-respect, a refusal to be humiliated as well as joy in the accomplishments of oneself or a person, group, or object that one identifies with.

Proud comes from late Old English prud, probably from Old French prude "brave, valiant" (11th century), from Latin prode "advantageous, profitable", from prodesse "be useful". The sense of "having a high opinion of oneself", not in French, may reflect the Anglo-Saxons' opinion of the Norman knights who called themselves "proud", like the French knights preux.

It can also refer to hubris, or excessive pride, which was usually the defining trait that lead to the tragic hero's tragic downfall according to Aristotle. It is in this negative connotation that pride is usually referred to with respect to religion.

Another form of excessive pride is arrogance, the act of obtaining rights or advantages, including merely rhetorical advantages, through violence or threats of violence, or through verbal violence. Arrogance is as much an aspect of aggression as it is of pretension, which is unwarranted pride. An arrogant person is not merely one unjustifiably confident in their own ability and value, but one actively seeking to cow or belittle other "lesser" people in order to achieve their ends. In arrogance one believes oneself to be superior to others, whether or not they really are more important. This negative state of mind results in hubris, because one would naturally disrespect and dispirit others to show their beliefs of superiority.

In Christianity, pride (or vanity or arrogance) is the essentially competitive and excessive belief in one's own abilities that interferes with the individual's recognition of the grace of God, or the worth which God sees in others. It has been called the sin from which all others arise. Pride is listed as one of the seven deadly sins, as superbia.

Pride is also condemned in Hinduism. Ravana, an evil king who was killed by Rama, avatar of Vishnu, exhibited deadly sins of pride and lust. In spirituality pride is linked to the local "I" and ego, as distinct from the nonlocal "us".

In Islam, pride is also forbidden. According to a narration from Muhammad, he said: "He in whose heart there is as much as a grain of pride will not enter paradise," and a man remarked: "A man likes his garment to be beautiful and his sandals to be beautiful." Then Muhammad replied: "God, Most High, is beautiful and likes beauty; pride is disdaining what is true and despising people" (Sahih Muslim).

Likewise, in Judaism, pride is to be avoided. "Blessed is that man that makes the LORD his trust, and looks not to the proud, nor to those that turn aside to lies." (Psalm 40:5)

In Germany "national pride" ("Nationalstolz") is often associated with the former Nazi regime. Strong displays of national pride are therefore considered a taboo by many Germans. Nowadays, there is an ongoing public debate about the issue of German patriotism.

Secondary pride is a little-known but often felt variant of pride. The pride people feel for what their ancestors, children, or country has done is classified as secondary or vicarious pride.

See also

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• Europride
• Gay pride
• Hubris
• Narcissism
• Seven deadly sins
• Victory disease
• Humility

Ethics | Vice | Psychological attitude

Stolz | גאווה | Orgulho | Arrogância | Гордость | Högmod