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''Main articles: Local government in the United Kingdom, Parish and Civil parish
England
In England parish councils were formed as part of the feudal system in the 11th century to oversee the social welfare and civic duties of a town or village.
Today, the rise of Local Area Management has lead to an increase in the number of parish councils within urban and rural communities. Not every civil parish has a Parish council, smaller ones - typically with an electorate under 200 - have Parish meetings instead.
Parish councils are often confused with Parochial Church Councils, which are concerned with the welfare of a particular religious community. Parish councils are a civil body and are not linked to the church.
Scotland
In Scotland, parishes as subdivisions of administrative counties, had local government bodies called parish councils from 1894 to 1930.
"Parish council"