Neo-Marxism was a 20th century school that harkened back to the early writings of Marx before the influence of Engels which focused on dialectical idealism rather than dialectical materialism, and thus rejected the economic determinism of early Marx, focusing instead on a non-physical, psychological revolution. It was thus far more libertarian and related to strains of anarchism. It also put more of an emphasis on the evils of global capitalism. Many prominent Neo-Marxists such as Marcuse were sociologists and psychologists. It was bound up with the student movements of the 1960s. Neo-Marxism comes under the broader heading of New Left thinking. Neo-Marxism is also used frequently to describe the opposition to inequalities experienced by Lesser Developed Countries in the New Economic International Order. In a sociological sense, neo-Marxism adds Max Weber's broader understanding of social inequality, such as status and power, to Marxist philosophy.

Strains of neo-Marxism include: Hegelian-Marxism, Critical Theory, Analytical Marxism, and French Structural Marxism (closely related to structuralism).

A closely related term is Western Marxism.

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• Neo-marxist political economy

Marxism | Theories of history

Neomarxismus | נאו-מרקסיזם | Globalizmas (tarptautinių santykių teorija) | Neomarksizm | Западный марксизм | 新馬克思主義