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- This article is about the official animals, plants, symbols, etc., of nations. For the Edwin Eugene Bagley march, see National Emblem (march).
A national emblem symbolically represents a nation. Most national emblems originate in the natural world, (as animals, say, or birds), but any object may serve.
National emblems may appear on such items as the national flag, coat of arms, or other patriotic materials. One should not confuse a formal national emblem with less formal symbols potentially associated with tourism or clichés, for example windmills in the Netherlands.
The national emblems of nations of the world in alphabetical order:
Animals
- Albania – Black double-headed eagle
- Argentina – hornero
- Australia – kangaroo, emu
- Austria – black eagle
- Bangladesh – Bengal Tiger
- Belgium – lion (Leo Belgicus)
- Bhutan - takin (Budorcas taxicolor tibetana)
- Bolivia – llama
- Brazil – rufous-bellied thrush, Turdus rufiventris
- Brittany – stoat
- Bulgaria – lion
- Cambodia – kouprey (mammal), Giant Ibis (bird), Asian river terrapin (reptile), Giant Barb (fish)
- Canada – beaver, Canada Goose (unofficial)
- Catalonia – donkey
- Chile – condor, huemul
- China – dragon (historical), giant panda, tiger (unofficial)
- Colombia – Andean condor
- Czech Republic – lion
- Denmark – lion
- East Timor – crocodile
- Egypt – Saladin's eagle
- England – lion
- Eritrea – camel
- Estonia – barn swallow
- Finland – lion, whooper swan, brown bear, European perch, ladybird
- France – Gallic rooster
- Germany – black eagle (Bundesadler), leopard (unofficial}, formerly tiger and eagle under Nazi Germany
- Guatemala – quetzal
- Iceland – falcon
- India – Peacock (bird); Royal Bengal Tiger (animal); elephant (unofficial)
- Italy – Wolf (unofficial)
- Indonesia – Garuda, Komodo dragon
- Japan – pheasant, crane
- Laos – elephant
- Malaysia – tiger stripes
- Malta – blue rock thrush
- Mexico – golden eagle
- Moldova – auroch
- Montenegro – lion
- Nepal – tiger
- Netherlands – lion
- New Zealand– kiwi
- Pakistan – Markhor (animal); Asiatic Lion (unofficial); Indus Dolphin (marine mammal); Chukar (bird); Peregrine Falcon (Shaheen) (unofficial)
- Panama – harpy eagle
- Papua New Guinea - bird of paradise
- Peru - Vicuña
- Philippines – Philippine eagle, Carabao
- Poland – white eagle
- Portugal – galo de Barcelos, cock
- Romania – golden eagle
- Russia – bear, golden bicephalic eagle
- Scotland – red lion (also known as the Rampant Lion)
- Serbia – white bicephalic eagle
- Singapore – merlion, lion
- South Africa – Springbok Antelope
- South Korea – magpie (bird), Korean tiger (unofficial animal)
- Soviet Union – Siberian tiger
- Spain – Osborne's bull
- Sri Lanka – lion
- Sudan – Secretary Bird
- Sweden – lion
- Thailand – elephant
- Uganda – grey-crowned crane
- United Kingdom – lion, bulldog, European robin
- United States – American bald eagle
- Venezuela – turpial
- Viet Nam - water buffalo
- Wales – red dragon (Y Ddraig Goch)
People
- Albania – Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg
- Cambodia – Preah Thaong and Neang Neak, Jayavarman VII (unofficial)
- Canada: Johnny Canuck
- Denmark – Holger Danske
- Finland – Finnish Maiden
- France – Marianne
- Germany – Deutscher Michel, Germania
- Iceland – Woman of the mountains
- India – Bharat Mata
- Mexico – Miguel Hidalgo
- Norway – Ola Nordmann, Kari Nordmann
- Pakistan - Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Fatimah Jinnah
- Philippines – Juan dela Cruz, Inang Bayan
- South Korea – Dangun
- Spain – Santiago Matamoros
- Sweden – Mother Svea
- Switzerland – Helvetia
- United Kingdom – Britannia, John Bull
- United States – Uncle Sam, Lady Liberty, historically Brother Jonathan and Columbia
- Vietnam - Tran Hung Dao
Plants
- Argentina – National Flower of Argentina, Ceibo
- Australia – golden wattle
- Bangladesh – jackfruit, white water lily, Banyan tree
- Bhutan - Blue poppy (Meconopsis grandis)
- Bolivia – Kantatu
- Bulgaria – rose
- Brunei – Simpor (Dillenia suffruticosa)
- Cambodia – Romduol (Mitrella mesnyi or Melodorum fruticosum) (flower), "chicken-egg banana" (fruit)
- Canada – maple leaf, (unofficial)
- China – peony, mei blossom
- People's Republic of China – sunflower (obsolete), peony (unofficial)
- Republic of China (Taiwan) – mei blossom
- Chile – copihue
- Colombia – orchidTrianae
- Denmark – red clover
- Egypt – Egyptian lotus
- England – red-and-white rose of Tudor (white for York, red for Lancaster)
- Estonia – blue cornflower
- Finland – lily of the valley, white rose
- France – lily (Ancien Régime)
- Germany – oak
- Iceland – White Dryas (Dryas octopetala)
- India – the lotus, Nelumbo nucifera, Banyan tree
- Indonesia – melati (Jasminum sambac), moth orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis)
- Iran – tulip (depicted on the Flag of Iran)
- Iraq – rose
- Ireland – shamrock (or trefoil)
- Jamaica – lignum vitae
- Japan – chrysanthemum
- Jordan – black iris (Iris chrysographes)
- Kuwait – Rhanterium epapposum
- Malta – Maltese Rock Centaury
- Malaysia – Chinese Hibiscus
- Maldives – rose
- Mexico – dahlia
- Nepal – Rhododendron
- Netherlands – tulip
- Newfoundland – Pitcher Plant
- New Zealand – silver fern (foliage), koru, and kowhai (flower)
- North Korea – Kimjongilia
- Norway – heather
- Pakistan – Jasmine (National flower), Mango (National fruit), Deodar (National tree) and Rhododendron (Official state flower of Azad Kashmir)
- Panama – Holy Ghost Orchid/Flor del Espiritu Santo (Peristeria elata)
- Philippines – sampaguita (Arabian jasmine, Jasminum sambac)
- Russia – camomile
- Scotland – Thistle, Scottish Bluebell (Harebell), Heather
- Serbia – plum
- Singapore – Vanda Miss Joaquim, orchid
- Slovenia – carnation
- South Africa – king protea
- South Korea – Hibiscus
- Soviet Union – carnation
- Sri Lanka - Nil Manel (Nympheae Stelleta)
- Switzerland – edelweiss
- Thailand - Rachapruek (Cassia fistula)
- United States – rose
- Venezuela – "Flor de Mayo" (Cattleya mossiae) (orchid)
- Vietnam – Lotus
- Wales – daffodil, leek
- Zimbabwe – flame lily
Trees
- Albania – Olive
- Argentina – National Flower of Argentina, Ceibo
- Bangladesh - banyan (National tree) and Jackfruit (Official tropical tree)
- Belize – mahogany
- Bhutan - Bhutan Cypress (Cupressus cashmeriana)
- Brazil – ipê-amarelo, Tecoma chrysostricha
- Cambodia – palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer)
- Canada – Maple
- Colombia – Quindio Wax Palm (Ceroxylon quindiuense)
- Czech Republic – lime
- Denmark – beech
- England – oak
- Estonia – oak
- Finland – birch, Silver Birch
- Germany – oak
- Guatemala – ceiba
- India – banyan (National tree)
- Italy - Olive and Oak
- Japan – Cherry blossom
- Lebanon – Lebanon Holy Cedar
- Madagascar – baobab
- Maldives – Coconut palm
- Malta – Għargħar
- Moldova – oak
- Pakistan – Deodar Cedar (National tree) and Mango (Official tropical tree)
- Panama – Panama tree (Sterculia apetala)
- Paraguay – lapacho (Tabebuia impetiginosa)
- Philippines – narra
- Russia – birch
- Saudi Arabia – Phoenix palm
- Scotland – Scots Pine
- Senegal – baobab
- Slovenia – tilia (linden)
- South Africa – real yellowwood
- South Korea – gingko, magnolia
- Sri Lanka - Na (Mesua ferrea)
- Thailand - Rachapruek (Cassia fistula)
- Ukraine – Viburnum
- United States – oak
- Venezuela – Araguaney (Tabebuia chrysantha)
- Viet Nam - bamboo, rice
Inanimate objects
- Albania – castle of Kruja
- Argentina – Yerba mate
- Armenia – Mount Ararat
- Australia – southern cross
- Azerbaijan – fire
- Brazil – Southern Cross
- China- Tiananmen, Blue Sky with a White Sun
- Cambodia – Angkor Wat
- Croatia – checkerboard (šahovnica)
- Estonia – limestone
- India – the Lion Capital of Asoka, spinning wheel
- Ireland – celtic harp called a clairseach
- Israel – the menorah
- Italy – a star,
- Japan – the Sun, depicted without rays
- New Zealand – southern cross
- Saudi Arabia – the sword of Ibn Saud
- Serbia – firesteels
- Slovenia - Triglav with Aljažev stolp
- Soviet Union – hammer and sickle
- Sweden – Three Crowns
- Vietnam - Sickle and Yellow Star
- European Union - 12 yellow stars arranged in a circle
Symbols
- Argentina – Sun of May
- Australia – Commonwealth Star
- Bangladesh - Red Sun
- Bhutan - Drake
- Brittany – Ermine
- Canada – Maple Leaf
- Croatia – checkerboard
- England – St George's Cross
- France – Fleur-de-Lis (Ancien Régime)
- Germany – Iron Cross
- India – Ashoka Chakra, Lion Capital of Asoka
- Indonesia – Garuda Pancasila
- Ireland – St Patrick's Cross
- Isle of Man – triskelion
- Israel – Star of David
- Japan-Chrysanthemum Throne
- Lebanon – Phoenician Longship
- Malaysia – Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Stars)
- Malta – George Cross, Maltese Cross
- Northern Ireland – red hand
- Pakistan – star and crescent
- Serbia – firesteels
- Singapore – Lion head
- Slovakia – patriarchal cross and three mountains
- Scotland – Saltire or St Andrew's Cross
- South Korea – Yin Yang
- Switzerland – Swiss cross
- Turkey – crescent
- Ukraine – trident
- Vietnam - Yellow lotus
See also
References
"National emblem"