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Hemoptysis (US English) or haemoptysis (International English) is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood or of blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs (e.g. in tuberculosis or other respiratory infections).
It is not the same as Hematemesis, which refers to vomiting up blood.
Causes
This can be due to bronchitis or pneumonia most commonly, but also to lung neoplasm (in smokers, when the hemoptysis is persistent), tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, coccidioidomycosis, or pulmonary embolism.
Rarer causes include hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome), or Goodpasture's syndrome and Wegener's granulomatosis.
In children it is commonly due to a foreign body in the respiratory tract.
It can result from over-anticoagulation from treatment by drugs such as warfarin.
Diagnostic workup
External links
"Hemoptysis"