Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is a hormone secreted by K-cells in the duodenum of the gastrointestinal tract.

It was formerly called gastrointestinal inhibitory peptide or gastric inhibitory peptide and was believed to neutralize stomach acid to protect the small intestine from acid damage as well as reduce the rate at which food is transferred through the stomach. However, it was discovered that these effects are only achieved with higher-than-normal physiological level, and that these results naturally occur in the body through a similar hormone, secretin.

It is now believed that the function of GIP is to induce insulin secretion after glucose is detected in the small intestine. After this discovery, it was given the new name of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, but retained the acronym "GIP."

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Gastroenterology | Hormones

Glukoseabhängiges insulinotropes Peptid