Diurnal animal, a plant or animal that is active in the daytime
Diel, actions which are completed in 24 hours and are repeated every 24 hours; this can be seen in the diurnal temperature variation
Diurnal motion, the apparent motion of stars around the Earth, caused by the Earth's rotation around its axis. More generally it means repeating daily as in e.g. diurnal effect
Diurnal phase shift, the phase shift of electromagnetic signals associated with daily changes in the ionosphere
In astrology:
Diurnal planet, a planet in a sect for which the Sun is above the horizon
Diurnal chart, a chart for a given date, based on the natal chart
Diurnal arc, the time, as expressed in right ascension, it takes a planet, point, or degree to move from its rising point to its setting point
Diurnal sign, a sign in the zodiac whose natural positions are on the southern hemisphere of the horoscope