Neurosciences computationnelles Computational neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field which draws on neuroscience, computer science, and applied mathematics. It most often uses mathematical and computational techniques such as computer simulations and mathematical models to understand the function of the nervous system. Computational neuroscience strives to use quantitative models to describe the function of the nervous system.

The field of computational neuroscience began with the work of Andrew Huxley, Alan Hodgkin, and David Marr. The results of Hodgkin and Huxley's pioneering work in developing the voltage clamp allowed them to develop the first mathematical model of the action potential. David Marr's work focuses on the interactions between neurons, suggesting computational approaches to the study of how functional groups of neurons within the hippocampus and neocortex interact, store, process, and transmit information.

See also

• Connectionism
• Neural network
• Cell potential
• Transmembrane potential difference
• Electrophysiology
• Important publications in neuroscience
• Brain-computer interface
• Neural engineering
• Neurotechnology
• Neuroinformatics

References

• Eric L. Schwartz, ed.: Computational Neuroscience, MIT Press, 1990, ISBN 0262192918.
• Patricia S. Churchland, Terrence J. Sejnowski: The Computational Brain, MIT Press, 1992, ISBN 0262031884.
• F. Rieke, D. Warland, W. Bialek and R. de Ruyter van Steveninck: Spikes: Exploring the Neural Code, MIT Press, 1999, ISBN 0262681080.
• Erik de Schutter, ed.: Computational Neuroscience - Realistic Modeling for Experimentalists, CRC Press, 2000, ISBN 0849320682.
• Peter Dayan, L.F. Abbott: Theoretical Neuroscience: Computational and Mathematical Modeling of Neural Systems, MIT Press, 2001, ISBN 0262041995.
• J. L.. van Hemmen, T. J. Sejnowski, eds.: 23 Problems in Systems Neuroscience Oxford University Press, 2005 ISBN 0195148223.

External links

Journals

• Network: Computation in Neural Systems
• Biological Cybernetics Journal
• The Journal of Computational Neuroscience
• Neural Computation

Software

• Genesis, a general neural simulation system
• Neuron, a neural network simulator
• HHsim, a neuronal membrane simulator
• MCell, A Monte Carlo Simulator of Cellular Microphysiology

Conferences

• Computational NeuroSciences, the yearly computational neuroscience meeting
• Cosyne, a major computational neuroscience meeting
• Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), a leading annual conference covering other machine learning topics as well

Websites

• compneuro.org, books and programs for neural modeling

Organizations

• Computational Neurobiology Laboratory at the Salk Institute (CNL)
• MIT Center for Biological & Computational Learning (CBCL)
• Martinos Computational Neuroscience Center for integrating neuroimaging and computational neuroscience
• Georgetown Laboratory for Computational Cognitive Neuroscience
• Hertie Center for Clinical Brain Research, Laboratory for Action Representation and Learning
• Computational Neuroscience Lab, University of Queensland

Papers

• Review - Sejnowski, T. J.; Koch, C.; Churchland, P. S.; Computational Neuroscience, Science, 241, 1299-1306, 1988
• A Theory of Object Recognition: Computations and Circuits in the Feedforward Path of the Ventral Stream in Primate Visual Cortex - Biologically-based vision algorithm

Computational neuroscience | Cybernetics

Neuroinformatik | Neuroinformatika