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The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.

Methanol
Acetaldehyde

Methylamine

Chemical class	Group	Formula	Graphical Formula	Prefix	Suffix	Example
Alcohol	Hydroxyl	ROH	hydroxy-	-ol
Carbonyl	Aldehyde	RCHO	oxo-	-al
	Ketone	RCOR'	keto-, oxo-	-one
Carboxyl	Carboxylic acid	RCOOH	carboxy-	-oic acid
	Carboxylate	RCOO−	carboxy-	-oate
Amines	Primary amine	RNH2	amino-	-amine
Phosphate	Phosphate	ROP(=O)(OH)2	phospho-
Thiol	Sulfhydryl	RSH	mercapto-, sulfanyl-	-thiol

 

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