Gourt Home::Gourt :: Autonomous entities of China
The People's Republic of China has created, following Soviet nationality policy, a number of administrative divisions designated as autonomous. Each autonomous entity is specifically associated with one or more ethnic minority, equivalent to the titular nation in Soviet practice. Autonomous administrative divisions can be found at the first (province), second (prefecture), and third (county) levels of local government. They include the following four types:
- Autonomous regions (), at the province level
- Autonomous prefectures (), at the prefecture level
- Autonomous counties (), at the county level
- Autonomous banners (), also at the county level
As of June 2005, there are 5 autonomous regions, 30 autonomous prefectures, 117 autonomous counties and 3 autonomous banners in China. Outside these official numbers, there are also county-level cities and county-level districts that were, upon creation, specified to enjoy the same rights as regular autonomous entities.
At the township level, there are 277 ethnic townships and 1 ethnic sumu as of December 31, 2004, but these are not considered to be autonomous entities, and laws pertaining to ethnic autonomous entities do not apply to them.
Autonomous entities are provided for according to the constitution of the PRC, and have a number of rights not accorded to other administrative entities. There is some debate over the actual level of autonomy, with various groups feeling that there is too much or not enough.
Since these autonomous entities were created by the PRC, they are not recognised by the Republic of China on Taiwan which ruled Mainland China before PRC takeover.
Nomenclature
The majority of autonomous entities are named by combining the geographical name, the name of the specified nationality, and the entity name used for that administrative level:
| Full name | Geographical | Nationality | Administrative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region | Guangxi | Zhuang | Autonomous Region |
| Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture | Yanbian | Korean | Autonomous Prefecture |
| Dachang Hui Autonomous County | Dachang | Hui | Autonomous County |
| Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner | Morin Dawa | Daur | Autonomous Banner |
In the Chinese name of the administrative entity, the nationality name is always suffixed with -族 ("nationality"), unless both of the following conditions apply: the division is found in Xinjiang (or is Xinjiang); the nationality name consists of more than one syllable. This distinction is not reflected in translation into English.
Some autonomous entities have more than one specified minority, which tend to be listed in the name of the prefecture, creating rather long names. Two autonomous counties simply use "Various Nationalities" in their names as placeholders, rather than listing out all of their designated ethnicities:
| Full name | Geographical | Nationality | Administrative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | Enshi | Tujia and Miao | Autonomous Prefecture |
| Shuangjiang Lahu, Wa, Blang and Dai Autonomous County | Shuangjiang | Lahu, Wa, Blang and Dai | Autonomous County |
| Longlin Various Nationalities Autonomous County | Longlin | Various Nationalities (Miao, Yi and Gelao) | Autonomous County |
| Longsheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County | Longsheng | Various Nationalities (Dong, Yao, Miao) | Autonomous County |
A few autonomous entities break the regular nomenclature pattern, because the name of the nationality is already contained within the geographical name, or because there is no geographical name:
| Full name | Geographical | Nationality | Administrative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tibet Autonomous Region | Tibet | (Tibetan) | Autonomous Region |
| Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region | Inner Mongolia | (Mongol) | Autonomous Region |
| Dongxiang Autonomous County | — | Dongxiang | Autonomous County |
| Evenki Autonomous Banner | — | Evenks | Autonomous Banner |
| Oroqin Autonomous Banner | — | Oroqin | Autonomous Banner |
Legal basis
Autonomous regions, prefectures, counties, and banners are covered under Section 6 of Chapter 3 (Articles 111-122) of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and with more detail under the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy (《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》). The constitution states that the head of government of each autonomous entity must be of the ethnic group as specified by the autonomous entity (Tibetan, Uyghur, etc). The constitution also guarantees a range of rights including: independence of finance, independence of economic planning, independence of arts, science and culture, organization of local police, and use of local language. In addition, the head of government of each autonomous region is known as a "chairman", unlike provinces, where they are known as "governors".
Demographics
Of the five autonomous regions, only Tibet has an absolute majority (>50%) of the designated majority, namely, the Tibetans. Xinjiang has a relative majority (<50%) of the designated majority, the Uyghurs, though this is disputed by Uyghur independence advocates, who claim that the Han Chinese population in Xinjiang has been severely understated. The remaining 3 autonomous regions have absolute majorities of Han Chinese, the majority ethnicity of China.
History
Autonomous regions, prefectures, counties, and banners were established after communist takeover, following Soviet practice. At first, the nomenclature of these autonomous entities were somewhat confused, with autonomous regions appearing at the province, prefecture, county, and township levels. Eventually the nomenclature was standardized to the conventions used today.
The first autonomous region to be established was Inner Mongolia, created within communist-held territory in 1947, two years before the establishment of the People's Republic. Xinjiang was converted from a province to an autonomous region in 1955. Guangxi and Ningxia followed in 1957, and Tibet Autonomous Region was formally established in 1965.
Opinions
Autonomous administrative entities, as well as the various rights granted to them, are affirmed by the government as a positive example of local self-rule in ethnic areas, and an acknowledgement of minority self-determination unprecedented in Chinese history. It is argued that these autonomous entities have facilitated the preservation and development of non-Han Chinese cultures while maintaining the territorial integrity of China.
However, they have also drawn criticism from various groups. Some have questioned the necessity of setting up autonomous entities in areas where the designated ethnicity is actually a minority (true for 3 out of the 5 autonomous regions: Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, and Ningxia). They also point out that autonomous regions pursue affirmative action policies which are viewed as discriminatory, such as less preferential treatment in school admissions and government employment opportunities for Han Chinese; this is viewed as unfair, especially in entities where Han Chinese are actually the majority. Finally, some contend that the existence of these autonomous entities, and the extra privileges they enjoy, are a danger to national unity.
Conversely, some have said that autonomous entities offer little or no actual autonomy, as officials (minority or not) are appointed from above rather than elected democratically by the people. In particular, advocates for Tibetan, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolian independence would view the autonomous regions as facades of so-called autonomy that belie actual policies of repression and assimilation. In addition, real power within the autonomous entity lies with the local Communist Party committee secretary (who is usually Han Chinese) rather than the head of government who is required to be of the designated minority. Also, the ranks of government may become filled with Han Chinese, since only the head of government needs to be of the designated minority.
List of autonomous entities
Autonomous regions
| Name | Chinese (S) | pinyin | Designated minority | Local name | Abbreviation | Capital | List of county-level divisions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region | 广西壮族自治区 | Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū | Zhuang | Zhuang - Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih | 桂 Guì | Nanning | List of county-level divisions |
| Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region | 内蒙古自治区 | Nèiměnggǔ Zìzhìqū | Mongol | Mongolian - ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠨᠺᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠺᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ / Öbür Mongghul-un Öbertegen Jasaqu Orun | 内蒙古 Nèiměnggǔ | Hohhot | List of county-level divisions |
| Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region | 宁夏回族自治区 | Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | 宁 níng | Yinchuan | List of county-level divisions |
| Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region | 新疆维吾尔自治区 | Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū | Uyghur | Uyghur - شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى / Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni | 新 xīn | Urumqi | List of county-level divisions |
| Tibet Autonomous Region | 西藏自治区 | Xīzàng Zìzhìqū | Tibetan | Tibetan - བོད་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས / Bod.raṅ.skyoṅ.ljoṅs | 藏 zàng | Lhasa | List of county-level divisions |
Autonomous prefectures
| Province or Autonomous Region | Name | Chinese (S) | Pinyin | Designated minority | Local name | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gansu | Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture | 临夏回族自治州 | Línxià Huízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Linxia |
| Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 甘南藏族自治州 | Gānnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - དཀར་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Dkar-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul | Hezuo | |
| Guizhou | Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州 | Qiándōngnán Miáozú Dòngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Miao and Dong | ? | Kaili |
| Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 黔南布依族苗族自治州 | Qiánnán Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Buyei and Miao | ? | Dujun | |
| Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 黔西南布依族苗族自治州 | Qiánxīnán Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | ? | Xingyi | ||
| Hubei | Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 恩施土家族苗族自治州 | Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Tujia and Miao | ? | Enshi |
| Hunan | Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 湘西土家族苗族自治州 | Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Tujia and Miao | ? | Jishou |
| Jilin | Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture | 延边朝鲜族自治州 | Yánbiān Cháoxiǎnzú Zìzhìzhōu | Korean | Korean - 연변 조선족 자치주 / Yeonbyeon Joseonjok Jachiju | Yanji |
| Qinghai | Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海北藏族自治州 | Hǎiběi Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - མཚོ་བཡྣང་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Mtsho-byang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul | Haiyan County |
| Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海南藏族自治州 | Hǎinán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan - མཚོ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Mtsho-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul | Gonghe County | ||
| Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 黄南藏族自治州 | Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan - རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་/ Rma-lho Bod-rigs rang skyong khul | Tongren County | ||
| Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 果洛藏族自治州 | Guǒluò Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan - མགོ་ལོག་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ | /Maqên County | ||
| Gyêgu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 玉树藏族自治州 | Yùshù Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan - ཡུལ་ཤུལ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ | /Gyêgu County | ||
| Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海西蒙古族藏族自治州 | Hǎixī Měnggǔzú Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol and Tibetan | Tibetan - མཚོ་ནུབ་སོག་རིགས་ཆ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Mtsho-nub Sog-rigs dang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul | Delingha | |
| Sichuan | Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture | 阿坝藏族羌族自治州 | Ābà Zàngzú Qiāngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan and Qiang | Tibetan - རྔ་བ་བོད་རིགས་ཆ་བ༹ང་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Rnga-ba Bod-rigs dang Chavang-rigs rang skyong khul | Barkam County |
| Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 甘孜藏族自治州 | Gānzī Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - དཀར་མཛེས་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Dkar-mdzes Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul | Kangding County | |
| Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 凉山彝族自治州 | Liángshān Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Yi | Yi: ꆃꎭ/Niep Sha | Xichang | |
| Xinjiang | Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture ? | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 | Kèzīlèsū Kē'ěrkèzī Zìzhìzhōu | Kirghiz | Kirghiz - قىزىلسۇ قىرعىز اۋتونوم وبلاستى (Cyrillic: Кыргыз Кызылсу aвтономиялы oбласты) | Artux |
| Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 | Bó'ěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol | (Mongolian in Cyrillic script: Борталын Монгол өөртөө засах тойрог) | Bortala | |
| Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture | 昌吉回族自治州 | Chāngjí Huízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Changji | |
| Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture ? | 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 | Bāyīnguōlèng Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol | (Mongolian in Cyrillic script: Баянголын Монгол өөртөө засах тойрог) | Korla | |
| Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture | 伊犁哈萨克自治州 | Yīlí Hāsàkè Zìzhìzhōu | Kazakh | Kazakh: ىله قازاق اۆتونومىيالى وبلىسى (Cyrillic: Іле Қазақ автономиялы облысы); Uyghur: Ili Ķazaķ aptonom oblasti | Yining | |
| Yunnan | Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州 | Déhóng Dǎizú Jǐngpōzú Zìzhìzhōu | Dai and Jingpo | ? | Luxi |
| Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture | 怒江傈僳族自治州 | Nùjiāng Lìsùzú Zìzhìzhōu | Lisu | ? | Liuku Town, Lushui County | |
| Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 迪庆藏族自治州 | Díqìng Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - བདེ་ཆེན་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Bde-chen Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul | Shangri-La County | |
| Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture | 大理白族自治州 | Dàlǐ Báizú Zìzhìzhōu | Bai | Bai: Darl•lit Baif•cuf zirl•zirl•zox | Dali | |
| Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 楚雄彝族自治州 | Chǔxióng Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Yi | ? | Chuxiong | |
| Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 | Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hani and Yi | ? | Mengzi County | |
| Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 文山壮族苗族自治州 | Wenshān Zhuàngzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Zhuang and Miao | ? | Wenshan County | |
| Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture | 西双版纳傣族自治州 | Xīshuāngbǎnnà Dǎizú Zìzhìzhōu | Dai | Sipsongpanna | Jinghong |
Autonomous counties and autonomous banners
There are 117 autonomous counties and 3 autonomous banners. The latter are found in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the former are found everywhere else. The two are essentially identical except in name.
| Province (or equivalent) | Name | Chinese (S) | pinyin | Designated minority | Local name | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chongqing | Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County | 彭水苗族土家族自治县 | Péngshuǐ Miáozú Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao and Tujia | ? | Hanjia Town |
| Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County | 石柱土家族自治县 | Shízhù Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn | Tujia | ? | Nanbin Town | |
| Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County | 秀山土家族苗族自治县 | Xiùshān Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Tujia and Miao | ? | Zhonghe Town | |
| Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County | 酉阳土家族苗族自治县 | Yǒuyáng Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Zhongduo Town | ||
| Gansu | Aksai Kazak Autonomous County | 阿克賽哈萨克族自治县 | Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn | Kazakh | ? | Hongliuwan Town |
| Dongxiang Autonomous County | 东乡族自治县 | Dōngxiāngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dongxiang | ? | Suonan Town | |
| Jishishan Bao'an, Dongxian and Salar Autonomous County | 积石山保安族东乡族撒拉族自治县 | Jīshíshān Bǎo'ānzú Dōngxiāngzú Sǎlāzú Zìzhìxiàn | Bonan, Dongxiang, and Salar | ? | Cuimatan Town | |
| Subei Mongol Autonomous County | 肃北蒙古族自治县 | Sùběi Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Dangchengwan Town | |
| Sunan Yugur Autonomous County | 肃南裕固族自治县 | Sùnán Yùgùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yugur | ? | Hongwansi | |
| Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County | 天祝藏族自治县 | Tiānzhù Zàngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Tibetan | ? | Huazangsi Town | |
| Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County | 张家川回族自治县 | Zhāngjiāchuān Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Zhangjiachuan Town | |
| Guangdong | Liannan Yao Autonomous County | 连南瑶族自治县 | Liánnán Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Liannan Town |
| Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County | 连山壮族瑶族自治县 | Liánshān Zhuàngzú Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Zhuang and Yao | ? | Jitian Town | |
| Rucheng Yao Autonomous County | 如城瑶族自治县 | Rúchéng Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Rucheng Town | |
| Guangxi | Bama Yao Autonomous County | 巴马瑶族自治县 | Bāmǎ Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Bama Town |
| Dahua Yao Autonomous County | 大化瑶族自治县 | Dàhuà Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Dahua Town | ||
| Du'an Yao Autonomous County | 都安瑶族自治县 | Dū'ān Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Anyang Town | ||
| Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County | 富川瑶族自治县 | Fùchuān Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Fuyang Town | ||
| Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County | 恭城瑶族自治县 | Gōngchéng Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Gongcheng Town | ||
| Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County | 环江毛南族自治县 | Huánjiāng Máonánzú Zìzhìxiàn | Maonan | ? | Si'en Town | |
| Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County | 金秀瑶族自治县 | Jīnxiù Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Jinxiu town | |
| Longlin Pan-Nationalities Autonomous County | 隆林各族自治县 | Lōnglín Gèzú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao, Yi, and Gelao | ? | Longlin | |
| Longsheng Pan-Nationalities Autonomous County | 龙胜各族自治县 | Lóngshēng Gèzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dong, Yao, and Miao | ? | Longsheng Town | |
| Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County | 罗城仫佬族自治县 | Luóchéng Mùlǎozú Zìzhìxiàn | Mulao | ? | Dongmen Town | |
| Rongshui Miao Autonomous County | 融水苗族自治县 | Róngshuǐ Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Rongshui town | |
| Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County | 三江侗族自治县 | Sānjiāng Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dong | ? | Sanjiang | |
| Guizhou | Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县 | Dǎozhēn Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Gelao and Miao | ? | Yuxi Town |
| Guanling Buyi-Miao Autonomous County | 关岭布依族苗族自治县 | Guānlíng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Bouyei and Miao | ? | Guansuo Town | |
| Sandu Shui Autonomous County | 三都水族自治县 | Sāndū Shuǐzú Zìzhìxiàn | Shui | ? | Sanhe Town | |
| Songtao Miao Autonomous County | 松桃苗族自治县 | Sōngtáo Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Chengguan Town | |
| Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County | 威宁彝族回族苗族自治县 | Wēiníng Yízú Huízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi, Hui, and Miao | ? | Chengguan Town | |
| Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County | 务川仡佬族苗族自治县 | Wùchuān Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Gelao and Miao | ? | Duru Town | |
| Yanhe Tujia and Miao Autonomous County | 沿河土家族苗族自治县 | Yánhé Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Tujia and Miao | ? | Heping Town | |
| Yinjiang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County | 印江土家族苗族自治县 | Yìnjiāng Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Pingyuan Town | ||
| Yuping Dong Autonomous County | 玉屏侗族自治县 | Yùpíng Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dong | ? | Pingxi Town | |
| Zhenning Buyi and Miao Autonomous County | 镇宁布依族苗族自治县 | Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Bouyei and Miao | ? | Chengguan Town | |
| Ziyun Miao and Buyi Autonomous County | 紫云苗族布依族自治县 | Zǐyún Miáozú Bùyīzú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Songshan Town | |
| Hainan | Baisha Li Autonomous County | 白沙黎族自治县 | Báishā Lízú Zìzhìxiàn | Li | ? | Yacha Town |
| Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County | 保亭黎族苗族自治县 | Bǎotíng Lízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Li and Miao | ? | Baocheng Town | |
| Changjiang Li Autonomous County | 昌江黎族自治县 | Chāngjiāng Lízú Zìzhìxiàn | Li | ? | Shilu Town | |
| Ledong Li Autonomous County | 乐东黎族自治县 | Lèdōng Lízú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Baoyou Town | ||
| Lingshui Li Autonomous County | 陵水黎族自治县 | Língshuǐ Lízú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Dingping Town | ||
| Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County | 琼中黎族苗族自治县 | Qióngzhōng Lízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Li and Miao | ? | Yinggen Town | |
| Hebei | Dachang Hui Autonomous County | 大厂回族自治县 | Dàchǎng Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Dachang |
| Fengning Manchu Autonomous County | 丰宁满族自治县 | Fēngníng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | Manchu | ? | Daming | |
| Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County | 宽城满族自治县 | Kuānchéng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Kuancheng | ||
| Mengcun Hui Autonomous County | 孟村回族自治县 | Mèngcūn Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Mengcun Town | |
| Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County | 青龙满族自治县 | Qīnglóng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | Manchu | ? | Qinglong | |
| Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County | 围场满族蒙古族自治县 | Wéichǎng Mǎnzú Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Manchu and Mongol | ? | Waichang Town | |
| Heilongjiang | Dorbod Autonomous County | 杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县 | Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Taikang Town |
| Hubei | Changyang Tujia Autonomous County | 长阳土家族自治县 | Chángyáng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn | Tujia | ? | Longzhouping Town |
| Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County | 五峰土家族自治县 | Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Wufeng Town | ||
| Hunan | Chengbu Miao Autonomous County | 城步苗族自治县 | Chēngbù Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Rulin Town |
| Jianghua Yao Autonomous County | 江华瑶族自治县 | Jiānghuá Yáozǔ Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Tuojiang Town | |
| Jingzhou Miao and Dong Autonomous County | 靖州苗族侗族自治县 | Jǐngzhōu Miáozú Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao and Dong | ? | Jingzhou Town | |
| Mayang Miao Autonomous County | 麻阳苗族自治县 | Máyáng Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Gaocun Town | |
| Tongdao Dong Autonomous County | 通道侗族自治县 | Tōngdào Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dong | ? | Shuangjiang Town | |
| Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County | 新晃侗族自治县 | Xīnhuǎng Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Xinhuang Town | ||
| Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County | 芷江侗族自治县 | Zhǐjiāng Dòngzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Zhijiang Town | ||
| Inner Mongolia | Oroqin Autonomous Banner | 鄂伦春自治旗 | Èlúnchūn Zìzhìqí | Oroqin | ? | Alihe Town |
| Evenki Autonomous Banner | 鄂温克族自治旗 | Èwēnkèzú Zìzhìqí | Evenks | ? | Bayan Tuohai Town | |
| Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner | 莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗 | Mòlìdáwǎ Dáwò'ěrzú Zìzhìqí | Daur | ? | Ni'erji Town | |
| Jilin | Changbai Korean Autonomous County | 长白朝鲜自治县 | Chángbái Cháoxiǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | Korean | Korean - 장백 조선족 자치현 / Jangbaek Joseonjok Jachihyeon | Changbai |
| Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County | 前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县 | Qián'guō'ěrluósī Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Qianguo Town | |
| Yitong Manchu Autonomous County | 伊通满族自治县 | Yītōng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | Manchu | ? | Yitong Town | |
| Liaoning | Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous County | 喀喇沁左翼蒙古族自治县 | Kālāqìn Zuǒyì Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Jinshan Town |
| Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County | 阜新蒙古族自治县 | Fùxīn Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Fuxin | ||
| Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County | 新宾满族自治县 | Xīnbīn Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | Manchu | ? | Xinbin Town | |
| Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County | 清原满族自治县 | Qīngyuán Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Qingyuan Town | ||
| Benxi Manchu Autonomous County | 本溪满族自治县 | Běnxī Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Xiaoshi Town | ||
| Huanren Manchu Autonomous County | 桓仁满族自治县 | Huánrén Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Huanren Town | ||
| Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County | 岫岩满族自治县 | Xiùyán Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Xiuyan Town | ||
| Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County | 宽甸满族自治县 | Kuāndiàn Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Kuandian Town | ||
| Qinghai | Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County | 大通回族土族自治县 | Dàtōng Huízú Tǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui and Tu | ? | Xiping Town |
| Henan Mongol Autonomous County | 河南蒙古自治县 | Hénán Ménggǔ Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Youganning Town | |
| Hualong Hui Autonomous County | 化隆回族自治县 | Huàlóng Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Bayan Town | |
| Huzhu Tu Autonomous County | 互助土族自治县 | Hùzhù Tǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Tu | ? | Weiyuan Town | |
| Menyuan Hui Autonomous County | 门源回族自治县 | Ményuán Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Haomen Town | |
| Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County | 民和回族土族自治县 | Mínhé Huízú Tǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui and Tu | ? | Shangchuankou Town | |
| Xunhua Salar Autonomous County | 循化撒拉族自治县 | Xúnhuà Sǎlázú Zìzhìxiàn | Salar | ? | Jishi | |
| Sichuan | Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County | 北川羌族自治县 | Běichuān Qiāngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Qiang | ? | Qushan Town |
| Ebian Yizu Zizhixian | 峨边彝族自治县 | Ébiān Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Shaping Town | |
| Mabian Yi Autonomous County | 马边彝族自治县 | Mǎbiān Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Minjian Town | ||
| Muli Tibetan Autonomous County | 木里藏族自治县 | Mùlǐ Zàngzú Zìzhìxiàn | Tibetan | Tibetan: མི་ལི་རང་སྐྱོང་རྫོང་ / Mi-li rang-skyong-rdzong | Qiaowa Town | |
| Xinjiang | Barkol Kazak Autonomous County | 巴里坤哈萨克自治县 | Bālǐkūn Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn | Kazakh | ? | Barkol |
| Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County | 和布克塞尔蒙古自治县 | Hébùkèsài'ěr Ménggǔ Zìzhìxiàn | Mongol | ? | Hoboksar | |
| Mori Kazak Autonomous County | 木垒哈萨克自治县 | Mùlěi Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn | Kazakh | ? | Mori | |
| Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County | 察布查尔錫伯自治县 | Chábùchá'ěr Xíbó Zìzhìxiàn | Xibe | ? | Qapqal | |
| Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County | 塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县 | Tǎshíkù'ěrgàn Tǎjíkè Zìzhìxiàn | Tajik | Sariquli Tajik: tɔʃqyrʁɔn tuʤik ɔftunum nɔja | Tashkurgan | |
| Yanqi Hui Autonomous County | 焉耆回族自治县 | Yānqí Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Yanqi | |
| Yunnan | Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County | 沧源佤族自治县 | Cāngyuán Wǎzú Zìzhìxiàn | Wa | ? | Mengdong Town |
| Eshan Yi Autonomous County | 峨山彝族自治县 | Èshān Yìzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Shuangjiang Town | |
| Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County | 耿马傣族佤族自治县 | Gěngmǎ Dǎizú Wǎzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dai and Wa | ? | Gengma | |
| Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County | 贡山独龙族怒族自治县 | Gòngshān Dúlóngzú Nùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Derung and Nu | ? | Zikai Town | |
| Hekou Yao Autonomous County | 河口瑶族自治县 | Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yao | ? | Hekou Town | |
| Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County | 江城哈尼族彝族自治县 | Jiāngchéng Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hani and Yi | ? | Mengjie Town | |
| Jingdong Yi Autonomous County | 景东彝族自治县 | Jǐngdōng Yìzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Jingping Town | |
| Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County | 景谷傣族彝族自治县 | Jǐnggǔ Dǎizú Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | Dai and Yi | ? | Weiyuan Town | |
| Jinping Miao,Yao and Dai Autonomous County | 金平苗族瑤族傣族自治县 | Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao, Yao, and Dai | ? | Jinhe Town | |
| Lancang Lahu Autonomous County | 澜沧拉祜族自治县 | Láncāng Lāhùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Lahu | ? | Lancang | |
| Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County | 兰坪白族普米族自治县 | Lánpíng Báizú Pǔmǐzú Zìzhìxiàn | Bai and Pumi | ? | Jinding Town | |
| Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County | 丽江纳西族自治县 | Lìjiāng Nàxīzú Zìzhìxiàn | Nakhi | ? | Lijiang | |
| Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County | 禄劝彝族苗族自治县 | Lùquàn Yízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi and Miao | ? | Pingshan Town | |
| Menglian Dai, Lahu and Wa Autonomous County | 孟连傣族拉祜族佤族自治县 | Mènglián Dǎizú Lāhùzú Wǎzú Zìzhìxiàn | Dai, Lahu, and Wa | ? | Menglian Town | |
| Mojiang Hani Autonomous County | 墨江哈尼族自治县 | Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hani | ? | Jiulian Town | |
| Nanjian Yi Autonomous County | 南涧彝族自治县 | Nánjiàn Yìzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Nanjian Town | |
| Ninglang Yi Autonomous County | 宁蒗彝族自治县 | Nínglàng Yìzú Zìzhìxiàn | ? | Daxing Town | ||
| Pingbian Miao Autonomous County | 屏边苗族自治县 | Píngbiān Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Miao | ? | Yuping Town | |
| Pu'er Hani and Yi Autonomous County | 普洱哈尼族彝族自治县 | Pǔ'ěr Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hani and Yi | ? | Ning'er Town | |
| Shilin Yi Autonomous County | 石林瑶族自治县 | Shílín Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Lufu Town | |
| Shuangjiang Lahu, Wa, Blang and Dai Autonomous County | 双江拉祜族佤族布朗族傣族自治县 | Shuāngjiāng Lāhùzú Wǎzú Bùlǎngzú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn | Lahu, Wa, Blang, and Dai | ? | Mengmeng Town | |
| Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County | 巍山彝族回族自治县 | Wēishān Yízú Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi and Hui | ? | Wenhua Town | |
| Weixi Lisu Autonomous County | 维西傈僳族自治县 | Wéixī Lìsùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Lisu | ? | Zhaxi Town | |
| Ximeng Wa Autonomous County | 西盟佤族自治县 | Xīméng Wǎzú Zìzhìxiàn | Wa | ? | Mengsuo Town | |
| Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County | 新平彝族傣族自治县 | Xīnpíng Yìzú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi and Dai | ? | Guishan Town | |
| Weixi Lisu Autonomous County | 维西傈僳族自治县 | Wéixī Lìsùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Lisu | ? | Zhaxi Town | |
| Yangbi Yi Autonomous County | 漾濞彝族自治县 | Yàngbì Yìzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi | ? | Dajie Town | |
| Yuanjiang Hani, Yi, and Dai Autonomous County | 元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县 | Yuánjiāng Hānízú Dǎizú Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | Hani, Yi, and Dai | ? | Yuanjiang Town | |
| Zhenyuan Yi, Hani, and Lahu Autonomous County | 镇沅彝族哈尼族拉祜族自治县 | Zhènyuán Yízú Hānízú Lāhùzú Zìzhìxiàn | Yi, Hani, and Lahu | ? | Enle Town | |
| Zhejiang | Jingning She Autonomous County | 景宁畲族自治县 | Jǐngníng Shēzú Zìzhìxiàn | She | ? | Hexi Town |
Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China
Autonome Verwaltungseinheiten Chinas | Автономные районы КНР | 民族自治地方
"Autonomous entities of China"