Gourt Home::Gourt :: Anthraquinone
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Its other names are 9,10-anthracenedione, anthradione, 9,10-anthrachinon, anthracene-9,10-quinone, 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxoanthracene, and trade names Hoelite, Morkit, Corbit, and others.
Physical properties
It is insoluble in water or alcohol, but dissolves in nitrobenzene and aniline. It is chemically fairly stable under normal conditions.
Natural occurrences
Anthraquinone naturally occurs in some plants (eg. aloe, senna, rhubarb, and Cascara buckthorn), fungi, lichens, and insects, where it serves as a basic skeleton for their pigments. Natural anthraquinone derivates tend to have laxative effects.
Obtaining anthraquinone
There are several ways to obtain anthraquinone:
- Oxidation of anthracene
- Condensation of benzene with phthalic anhydride in presence of AlCl3 (Friedel-Crafts substitution). The resulting o-benzoylbenzoic acid then undergoes cyclization, forming anthraquinone.
- Diels-Alder reaction (from naphthoquinone and a 1,3-diene)
Industrial applications
Anthraquinone is used in production of dyes, such as alizarin. Many natural pigments are derivatives of anthraquinone. Anthraquinone is also used as a catalyst in production of wood pulp in pulp and paper industry. Another use is as a bird repellant on seeds.
Its risk and safety phrases are .
External links
Ketones | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Anthrachinon | Anthraquinone | Antrachinone | Antraquinoner | Антрахинон | Antrachinón | Antrakinoni | 蒽醌
"Anthraquinone"