Amiloride is a potassium-sparing diuretic, first approved for use in 1967, used in the management of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Structure

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Amiloride is a guanidinium group containing pyrazine derivative.

Mode of action

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Amiloride works by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts in the kidneys. This promotes the loss of sodium and water from the body, but without depleting potassium. The drug is often used in conjunction with thiazide or loop diuretics. Due to its potassium-sparing capacities, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium levels) are occasionally observed in patients taking amiloride. The risk is high in concurrent use of ACE inhibitors or spironolactone. Patients are also advised not to use potassium-containing salt replacements.LoSalt Advisory Statement (PDF)

References

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See also

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• Amiloride-sensitive Sodium channels

Potassium-sparing diuretics | Pyrazines

Amilorid | อะมิโลไรด์