In dentistry, zinc oxide eugenol (containing "oil of cloves", clove essential oil) is used as a filling or cement material. It is classified as an intermediate restorative material and has anaesthetic and antibacterial properties. It is sometimes used in the management of dental caries as a "temporary filling".

It has a boiling point of 250 degrees Celsius, and has been described as having a very unpleasant "medical taste."