Woonsocket, Rhode Island

Woonsocket is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 43,224 at the 2000 census. CVS/pharmacy is headquartered in Woonsocket.

Woonsocket lies directly south of the Massachusetts border. In the 2000 census, 46.1% of the population identified itself as French or French-Canadian, making Woonsocket one of the most heavily French-Canadian cities in New England. Historically, the city has been called, « La ville la plus française aux États-Unis » (The most French city in America).

History

Before northern Rhode Island was settled, the Woonsocket region was inhabited by three Native American tribes — the Nipmucs, Wampanoags, and Narragansetts In 1660, Richard Arnold constructed the first sawmill on the Blackstone River, thus sparking the first European colonization of the region [http://www.woonsocket.org/industrial.html. Over the course of the next two hundred years, Arnold's friends and family — as well as several other colonists — built and expanded several small villages in the area.

As the 19th century dawned and the textile Industrial Revolution began in neighboring Pawtucket, the area that would become Woonsocket experienced significant changes. With the Blackstone river providing ample water power, the region became a hot spot for textile mills. Six new villages were constructed over the pre-existing settlements: Social, Jenckesville, Hamlet, Bernon, Globe, and Woonsocket Falls ^*.

Woonsocket was soon officially formed by the integration of these six industrial villages. Countless French-Canadians and other ethnic groups entered the city at the turn of the 20th century. Consequently, the communities grew in area and population, thus changing Woonsocket from a collection of six settlements to one of the largest cities in the state. The largest of the villages — Woonsocket Falls — formed Woonsocket's downtown, while the other five communities became general neighborhoods.

After World War II, most of the textile industry moved south and the city was forced to diversify its economy. The suburban migration and a shopping plaza, which is located in northeast Woonsocket on the border of Massachusetts and opened in the early 1960s, took away much business from downtown and the city's independent business. Main street and its environs have yet to recover. The North End of Woonsocket has a great number of historic houses; preservation plays a significant role in this area with several individual houses as well as groups added to the National Register of Historic Places in recent years. Sixty-four buildings are included in the South Main Street Historic District. Nevertheless, several historical structures — including the original Court Street Bridge — were recently demolished and replaced by modern design for safety reasons.^*.

In 1977, Woonsocket began holding Autumnfest, an annual festival held on Columbus Day weekend. The festival remains a major annual attraction and gathering place for Woonsocket residents ^*.

Woonsocket was buried under 54 inches of snow during the Blizzard of 1978. However, the National Weather Service accepted a lesser figure of 33.1 inches recorded by Arthur Cadoret, a meteorologist affiliated with local radio station WWON. The storm's forward progress was blocked by a high pressure area and caused the storm to move very slowly. Snowfall rates of up to four inches per hour were reported as well as thunder and lightning. The National Guard was activated by the state of Rhode Island to help the city open up the roads so people could resume their normal lives. A local belief is that the higher snow figure resulted from measurements taken where snow had heavily drifted. The mayor, Gerard Boulay, was thought to have elected to use the inflated figure in hopes of obtaining disaster relief funds. As a result, the higher snow total is often humorously referred to as "Gerry's Total."

Because of the large numbers of French-Canadians who settled in the city, Woonsocket gained the title, "the most French place in the United Sates outside of Louisianna."

Currently, the Mayor of Woonsocket is Susan Menard. She is the first female mayor of the city and also is the longest serving to date.

Geography

Woonsocket is located at (42.001731, -71.507223).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.6 km² (8.0 mi²). 20.0 km² (7.7 mi²) of it is land and 0.6 km² (0.2 mi²) of it (3.14%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 43,224 people, 17,750 households, and 10,774 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,164.6/km² (5,608.8/mi²). There were 18,757 housing units at an average density of 939.3/km² (2,433.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 83.14% White, 4.44% African American, 0.32% Native American, 4.06% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 4.86% from other races, and 3.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.32% of the population.

There were 17,750 households out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.4% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.3% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.8% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 91.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,819, and the median income for a family was $38,353. Males had a median income of $31,465 versus $24,638 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,223. About 16.7% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.3% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

Name origin

The name Woonsocket is derived from a Native American word. It is widely believed to mean "thunder-mist" in reference to the largest waterfall on the Blackstone River, which lies at the center of the city. Recent scholarship puts this translation in doubt. The city likely was named after the impressive Woonsocket Hill in neighboring North Smithfield. The meaning of the name is a mystery. Nevertheless, the term "thunder-mist" is used by several local businesses, including the city clinic.

Accents

Many of the French-Canadian immigrants use French grammar in order to form English sentences. Therefore, instead of "side by side" and "throw my coat downstairs," the phrases become "side by each" and "throw me down the stairs my coat." This is prevalent among the older residents of the city, but is becoming increasingly scarce as grandchildren and great-grandchildren of French Canadian immigrants continue to Americanize themselves.

Famous residents

Several notable people were born or once lived in Woonsocket, including:

Edwin O'Connor, novelist, Pulitzer Prize winner (The Edge of Sadness, 1962)
Rocco Baldelli, professional baseball player
Gabby Hartnett, professional baseball player and manager
Nap Lajoie, professional baseball player
J. Howard McGrath, politician
Bill Summers, professional umpire
Bryan Berard, professional ice hockey player
Brian Boucher, professional ice hockey player, was born in New Jersey but spent much of his early life in Woonsocket.
Eileen Farrell, opera soprano (born in nearby Connecticut but grew up in Woonsocket)

External links

Cities in Rhode Island | Providence County, Rhode Island

Woonsocket

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