The Vespidae are a large (nearly 5000 species), diverse, cosmopolitan family of wasps, including nearly all the known eusocial wasps and many solitary wasps. Each social wasp colony includes a queen and a number of female workers with varying degrees of sterility relative to the queen. In temperate social species, colonies usually only last one year, dying at the onset of winter. New queens and males (drones) are produced towards the end of the summer, and after mating, the queens hibernate over winter in cracks or other sheltered locations. The nests of most species are constructed out of mud, but polistines and vespines use plant fibers, chewed to form a sort of paper.
The nest pictured below was made by either the bald-faced hornet (American), Dolichovespula maculata (sometimes classified as Vespula maculata), or the aerial yellowjacket, Dolichovespula arenaria. The wasp pictured at right is a yellowjacket queen, Vespula squamosa.
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