Vesicoureteral reflux is an abnormal movement of urine from the bladder into ureters or kidneys. Urine normally travels from the kidneys to the ureters to the bladder. In vesicoureteral reflux the direction of urine flow is reversed.

Diagnosed through a voiding cystourethrogram, not an intravenous pyelogram. Stages 1-5 determine need for long-term prophylactic antibiotics, urology follow-up and/or surgery.

Stage I is least severe, Stage 5 is most severe.

Urology