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Dept. of Defense
Established:July 26, 1947
Activated:September 18, 1947
Renamed:August 10, 1949
Secretary:Donald H. Rumsfeld
Deputy Secretary:Gordon R. England
Chairman, JCS:Gen. Peter Pace
Budget:$419.3 billion (2006 official)
Employees:700,000 civilian
2.3 million military (2004)
Address:The Pentagon

The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense, concerned with the armed services and military matters. The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. By statute the secretary must be a civilian who has not served in the active component of the armed forces for at least 10 years (10 USC Sec. 113). The Secretary of Defense is sixth in the United States presidential line of succession.

This position was created in 1947 when the Navy, Army, and newly created Air Force were merged into the new National Military Establishment. In the same massive reorganization, the Secretary of War was replaced by the Secretary of the Army and, along with the Secretary of the Navy and the new Secretary of the Air Force, became a non-Cabinet position placed under the Secretary of Defense. In 1949, the National Military Establishment was renamed the Department of Defense, which remains the current name of the department.

Within the United States Armed Forces, the Secretary of Defense is often referred to as SecDef.

The SecDef and the President of the United States together constitute the National Command Authority (NCA), which has sole authority to launch strategic nuclear weapons. All nuclear weapons are governed by the two-man rule, even at the highest levels in government. Both individuals must concur before a strategic nuclear strike may be ordered.

The SecDef, as the head of the United States Office of the Secretary of Defense, is assisted by a Deputy Secretary and five Under Secretaries in the fields of Acquisition, Technology & Logistics; Comptroller/Chief Financial Officer; Intelligence; Personnel & Readiness; and arguably the most important, Policy. All of these positions require Senate confirmation.

The Secretary of Defense also supervises the six Joint Chiefs of Staff and the commanders of the nine Unified Commands.

See here for more information on each position and biographies of the current Deputy Secretary (DepSecDef) and Under Secretaries (USDs).

List of Secretaries of Defense

No. Name Term of Office President(s) served under
1 James Forrestal September 17, 1947 - March 28, 1949 Harry S. Truman
2 Louis A. Johnson March 28, 1949 - September 19, 1950 Harry S. Truman
3 George C. Marshall September 21, 1950 - September 12, 1951 Harry S. Truman
3 Robert A. Lovett September 17, 1951 - January 20, 1953 Harry S. Truman
4 Charles E. Wilson January 28, 1953 - October 8, 1957 Dwight D. Eisenhower
5 Neil H. McElroy October 9, 1957 - December 1, 1959 Dwight D. Eisenhower
6 Thomas S. Gates December 2, 1959 - January 20, 1961 Dwight D. Eisenhower
7 Robert McNamara January 21, 1961 - February 29, 1968 John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson
8 Clark M. Clifford March 1, 1968- January 20, 1969 Lyndon Johnson
9 Melvin R. Laird January 22, 1969 - January 29, 1973 Richard Nixon
10 Elliot L. Richardson January 30, 1973 - May 24, 1973 Richard Nixon
11 James R. Schlesinger July 2, 1973 - November 19, 1975 Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford
12 Donald H. Rumsfeld November 20, 1975 - January 20, 1977 Gerald Ford
13 Harold Brown January 21, 1977 - January 20, 1981 Jimmy Carter
14 Caspar W. Weinberger January 21, 1981 - November 23, 1987 Ronald Reagan
15 Frank C. Carlucci November 23, 1987 - January 20, 1989 Ronald Reagan
16 Richard B. Cheney March 21, 1989 - January 20, 1993 George H. W. Bush
17 Les Aspin January 21, 1993 - February 3, 1994 Bill Clinton
18 William J. Perry February 3, 1994 - January 23, 1997 Bill Clinton
19 William S. Cohen January 24, 1997 - January 20, 2001 Bill Clinton
20 Donald H. Rumsfeld January 20, 2001 - present George W. Bush

Line of succession

In an Executive Order of December 22, 2005, President George W. Bush modified the line of succession of the office of Secretary of Defense as follows:

  1. Deputy Secretary of Defense
  2. Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
  3. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy
  4. Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics
  5. Secretary of the Army
  6. Secretary of the Air Force
  7. Secretary of the Navy
  8. Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness and the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
  9. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, and Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness
  10. General Counsel of the Department of Defense, the Assistant Secretaries of Defense, and the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation
  11. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Logistics and Material Readiness and the Director of Defense Research and Engineering
  12. Under Secretaries of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force
  13. Assistant Secretaries of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force, and General Counsels of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.

References

External links

  • - Includes the Secretary of Defense

Lists of ministers | United States Executive Cabinet | United States Secretaries of Defense

Verteidigungsminister der USA | Département de la Défense | Department of Defense | アメリカ合衆国国防長官 | Министр обороны США | Yhdysvaltain puolustusministeri | 美国国防部长

 

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the "United States Secretary of Defense".

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