article

The Timurids (Persian: سلسله تیموریان, Silsila-ye Tīmurīyān; self-designation Gurkānī, Persian: گوركانى, being the Persianized form of the Mongolian word kürügän, "son-in-law", the title given to the dyasnty's founder after his marriage into Genghis Khan's family) were a mixed Turkic, Mongol and Persian dynasty established by Timur (Tamerlane) in Central Asia and Iran (Timurid Empire), and later by Babur in India (Mughal Empire). Timur conquered large parts of Transoxiana in modern day Central Asia and Iran, from 1363 onwards with various alliances (Samarqand in 1366, and Balkh in 1369), and was recognized as ruler over them in 1370. Acting officially in the name of the Mongolian Chagatai ulus, he subjugated Mongolistan and Khwarazm in the years that followed and began a campaign westwards in 1380. By 1389 he had removed the Kartids from Afghanistan (Herat) and advanced into Iran and Iraq from 1382 (capture of Isfahan in 1387, removal of the Muzaffarids from Shiraz in 1393, and expulsion of the Jalayirids from Baghdad). In 1394/95 he triumphed over the Golden Horde and enforced his sovereignty in the Caucasus, in 1398 subjugated what is today Pakistan and northern India and occupied Delhi, in 1400/01 conquered Aleppo, Damascus and eastern Anatolia, in 1401 destroyed Baghdad and in 1402 triumphed over the Ottomans at Ankara. In addition, he transformed Samarqand into the 'Center of the World'.

After the end of the Timurid Empire in 1506, the Mughal Empire was later established in India by Babur in 1526, who was a descendant of Timur through his father and a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother. The dynasty he established is commonly known as the Mughal Dynasty. By the 17th century, the Mughal Empire ruled most of India, but later declined during the 18th century. The Timurid Dynasty came to an end in 1857 after the Mughal Empire was dissolved by the British Empire and Bahadur Shah II was exiled to Burma.

Rulers of Timurid Empire

Rulers of Mughal Empire

External links

Royal families | Timurid Empire | 1370 establishments | 1506 disestablishments

تيموريون | Tamerlanides | Timuriden | تیموریان | Timourides | Timoeriden | ティムール朝 | Timurydzi | Timuridien dynastia | 帖木儿帝国

 

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the "Timurid Dynasty".

Home Page • arts • business • computers • games • health • hospitals • home • kids & teens • news • physicians • recreation• reference • regional • science • shopping • society • sports • world