10th United States Congress

The Tenth United States Congress was a meeting of the United States national legislature, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1807 to March 3, 1809, during the last two years of the second administration of U.S. President Thomas Jefferson. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Dates of sessions

March 4, 1807–March 3, 1809

First session: October 26, 1807 - April 25, 1808
Second session: November 7, 1808 - March 3, 1809

Previous congress: 9th Congress
Next congress: 11th Congress

Major events

Main article: Events of 1807; Events of 1808; Events of 1809

January 1, 1808 - The importation of slaves into the United States was banned
Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812

Major legislation

''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 10th Congress

December 22 1807 - Embargo Act of 1807, ch. 5, 2 Stat. 451
February 3, 1809 - Illinois Territory was organized. It formerly was a portion of the Indiana Territory.
March 1 1809 - Non-Intercourse Act, ch. 24, 2 Stat. 528

Party summary

Senate

Democratic-Republican: 28
Federalist'' 6

TOTAL members: 34

House of Representatives

Democratic-Republican: 116
Federalist'' 26

TOTAL members: 142

Leadership

Senate

Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- George Clinton, of New York.
President pro tempore of the Senate:
- Samuel Smith, of Maryland, elected April 16, 1808.
- Stephen R. Bradley, of Vermont, elected December 28, 1808.
- John Milledge, of Georgia, elected January 30, 1809.

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House
- Joseph B. Varnum, of Massachusetts, elected October 26, 1807.

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

See also: 10th United States Congress - Political Parties

See also: 10th United States Congress - State Delegations

See also: United States House election, 1806

Senate

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. The Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, precede the names in the list below. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1808; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1812.

Connecticut

1. James Hillhouse (Fed.)
3. Uriah Tracy (Fed.) …died July 19, 1807.
Chauncey Goodrich (Fed.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated November 27, 1807.

Delaware

1. Samuel White (Fed.)
2. James A. Bayard (Fed.)

Georgia

2. Abraham Baldwin (Dem.-Rep.) …died March 4, 1807.
George Jones (Dem.-Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, seated October 26, 1807.
William H. Crawford (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1807.
3. John Milledge (Dem.-Rep.)

Kentucky

2. Buckner Thruston (Dem.-Rep.)
3. John Pope (Dem.-Rep.)

Maryland

1. Samuel Smith (Dem.-Rep.)
3. Philip Reed (Dem.-Rep.)

Massachusetts

2. Timothy Pickering (Fed.)
1. John Quincy Adams (Fed.) …resigned June 8, 1808.
James Lloyd (Fed.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 7, 1808.

New Hampshire

2. Nicholas Gilman (Dem.-Rep.)
3. Nahum Parker (Dem.-Rep.)

New Jersey

1. John Condit (Dem.-Rep.)
2. Aaron Kitchell (Dem.-Rep.)

New York

1. Samuel L. Mitchill (Dem.-Rep.)
3. John Smith (Dem.-Rep.)

North Carolina

1. James Turner (Dem.-Rep.)
3. Jesse Franklin (Dem.-Rep.)

Ohio

1. John Smith (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned April 8, 1808.
Return J. Meigs, Jr. (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated January 6, 1809.
3. Edward Tiffin (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned March 3, 1809.

Pennsylvania

1. Samuel Maclay (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned January 4, 1809.
Michael Leib (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated January 19, 1809.
3. Andrew Gregg (Dem.-Rep.)

Rhode Island

1. Benjamin Howland (Dem.-Rep.)
2. James Fenner (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned September 1808.
Elisha Mathewson (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated November 20, 1807.

South Carolina

3. Thomas Sumter (Dem.-Rep.)
2. John Gaillard (Dem.-Rep.)

Tennessee

1. Joseph Anderson (Dem.-Rep.)
2. Daniel Smith (Dem.-Rep.)

Vermont

3. Stephen R. Bradley (Dem.-Rep.)
1. Israel Smith (Dem.-Rep.) …resigned October 1, 1807.
Jonathan Robinson (Dem.-Rep.) …elected to fill vacancy, seated October 26, 1807.

Virginia

1. William B. Giles (Dem.-Rep.)
2. Andrew Moore (Dem.-Rep.)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives known to have been elected statewide at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those known to have been elected from single member districts, are preceded by their district numbers. A district number with an "A/L" indicates more than one member may be elected from that district. The methodology used for the election of the others is undetermined. Some of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Connecticut