Swedish Armed Forces

Swedish Armed Forces
Military manpower
Military age	18 years of age
Availability	males age 15-49: 2,062,566 (2001 est.)
Fit for military service	males age 15-46: 1,802,955 (2001 est.)
Reaching military age annually	males: 51,506 (2001 est.)
Military expenditures
Dollar figure	$5 billion (FY98)
Percent of GDP	2.1% (FY98)

The Swedish Armed Forces, or Försvarsmakten, is a Government agency responsible for the peacetime operation of the armed forces of Sweden. The primary task of the agency is to train and deploy peace support forces abroad, while maintaining the long-term ability to refocus on the defense of the country in the event of war. The Armed Forces is branched into Army, Air Force and Navy. As a Government agency, it reports to the Swedish Ministry of Defence. The head of armed forces is the Commander-in-Chief of the Swedish Armed Forces (Överbefälhavaren, ÖB), beside the Sovereign the most senior officer in the country.

Sweden's military is built on conscription, and until the end of the Cold War nearly all males reaching the age of military service were conscripted. In recent years, the number of conscripted males has reduced dramatically, while the number of female volunteers has increased slightly. Recruitment has generally shifted towards finding the most motivated recruits, rather than solely on the otherwise most fit for service. All soldiers serving abroad are by law required to be volunteers. In 1975 the total number of conscripts was 45,000. By 2003 it was down to 15,000. After the Defense Proposition 2004, the number of troops in training will decrease even more to between 5000 and 10000 each year, which emphasizes the need to recruit only the soldiers later prepared to volunteer for international service.

Currently, one of the most important tasks for the Swedish Armed Forces is to form a Swedish-led EU Battle Group to which Norway, Finland and Estonia will also contribute. The Nordic Battlegroup (NBG) is to have a 10-day deployment readiness during the first half of 2008.

Possible enemies

Usually, the adversary in tactical wargames and scenarios is thought to use equipment from the former Warsaw Pact, although a specific country is never mentioned for political reasons. The majority of Swedish equipment is NATO compatible, and most scenarios include some form of cooperation with one or more of the NATO members. Recent political decisions have strongly emphasized the will to participate in international operations, to the point where this has become the main short-term goal of training and equipment acquisition.

Sweden aims to have the option of remaining neutral in case of proximate war, and therefore is not a formal member of NATO or any other military alliance.

Current deployments

Currently, Sweden has deployed military forces in Liberia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bosnia, Afghanistan and Kosovo. Observers from Sweden have been sent to a large number of countries, including Georgia, North Korea, Lebanon and Sri Lanka.

Training

Officers are trained at the Swedish Armed Forces Military Academy which has establishments at Karlberg Castle in Stockholm, and in Halmstad. Conscripts are trained at the different units of the three branches, the purpose of which primarily being training installations and without significant wartime importance.

Military Ranks

Swedish military ranks, essentially corresponds phonetically to those used by the armed forces of the English speaking world. Swedish ranks correspond even more closely to those in German usage due to linguistic similarities. See comparative military ranks.

There are two different systems of rank for professional officers, depending on whether one is commissioned according to the system used in the Army, or the one in the Navy. The Air Force and the non-navy Marine Forces uses the same system as the Army.

Swedish	English	German	Swedish	English	German
Army Ranks (phonetic translation)			Navy Ranks (phonetic translation)
Fältmarskalk	Field Marshal	Feldmarschall		Fleet Admiral
General	General	General	Amiral	Admiral	Admiral
Generallöjtnant	Lieutenant General	Generalleutnant	Viceamiral	Vice Admiral	Vizeadmiral
Generalmajor	Major General	Generalmajor	Konteramiral	Rear Admiral	Konteradmiral
Brigadgeneral	Brigadier General	Brigadegeneral	Flottiljamiral	Commodore	Flottillenadmiral
Överste	Colonel	Oberst	Kommendör	Captain	Kapitän zur See
Överstelöjtnant	Lieutenant Colonel	Oberstleutnant	Kommendörkapten	Commander	Fregattenkapitän
Major	Major	Major	Örlogskapten	Lieutenant Commander	Korvettenkapitän
Kapten	Captain	Hauptmann	Kapten	Lieutenant	Kapitänleutnant
Löjtnant	Lieutenant	Oberleutnant	Löjtnant	Sub-Lieutenant (Lieutenant Junior Grade in the U.S. Navy)	Oberleutnant zur See
Fänrik	Second Lieutenant	Leutnant	Fänrik	Midshipman (Ensign in the U.S. Navy)	Leutnant zur See

The military introduced the rank of Brigadier General in 2001. The rank and the responsibilities associated with it existed before 2001, but all officers were commissioned as "Colonel First Class", or Överste av första graden, i. e. not a General. The same goes for Flottiljamiral which used to be Kommendör av första graden, or "Captain First Class". The background for this anomaly was a political will to limit the number of Generals in the armed forces. No Swedish Field Marshals have been appointed since the 19th century.

Professional Officers (translation by seniority, skill and responsibility)
Swedish	English (British Army)	English (US Army)
Major	Major/Captain	Captain
Kapten	Warrant Officer, 2nd Lieutenant or Lieutenant	Master Sergeant, 2nd Lieutenant or (1st Lieutenant¹)
Löjtnant	Staff Sergeant	Staff Sergeant
Fänrik	Sergeant	Staff Sergeant

¹ In case the Kapten is an Executive Officer(XO) of a Company

Mlitary Service Ranks (translation by seniority, skill and responsibility)
Swedish	English (British Army)	English (US Army)
Sergeant	Corporal	Sergeant
Furir	Lance Corporal	Corporal, Private First Class
Korpral	Trainee
Menig	Private

Officer Cadets hold a rank equivalent to that of a "Sergeant", but wear different insignia.

Organization

Branches

Swedish Army (Armén)
Royal Swedish Navy (Marinen)
Swedish Air Force (Flygvapnet)
Swedish Home Guard (Hemvärnet)

Military Districts

The Military Districts were decommissioned the 31 of december 2005.

The former ones were:

Gotland Military District (MD G)
Central Military District (MD M)
Northern Military District (MD N)
Southern Military District (MD S)

Schools

Some of the schools listed below answers to other units, listed under the various branches of the Armed Forces.

Amphibious Combat School (AmfSS) located in Vaxholm
Artillery Combat School (ArtSS) located in Kristinehamn
Armed Forces Technical School (FMTS) located in Halmstad
Air Force Uppsala Schools (F 20) located in Uppsala
Field Work School (FarbS) located in Eksjö
Air Force Air Officer School (FBS) located in Uppsala
Airborne Ranger School (FJS) located in Karlsborg
Flight School (FlygS) located in Linköping/Malmen
Armed Forces Technical School (FMTS) located in Halmstad
Helicopter Combat School (HkpSS) located in Linköping/Malmen
Home Guard Combat School (HvSS) located in Södertälje
Command School (LedS) located in Enköping
Anti-Aircraft Combat School (LvSS) located in Halmstad
Military Academy Halmstad (MHS H) located in Halmstad
Military Academy Karlberg (MHS K) located in Stockholm/Karlberg
Military Academy Östersund (MHS Ö) located in Östersund, disbanded 2005-06-16.
Ground Combat School (MSS) located in Skövde
Naval Schools (ÖS) located in Karlskrona

Centres

Armed Forces War Case Centre (FKSC) located in Stockholm
Armed Forces Medical Centre (FSC) located in Göteborg
Air Medicine Centre (FMC) located in Stockholm
Armed Forces Logistics (FMLOG) located in Karlstad, Boden, Karlskrona and Arboga
Armed Forces Intelligence and Security Centre (FMUndSäkC) located in Uppsala
Armed Forces Musical Centre (FöMusC) located in Strängnäs
Joint Forces Command (OPIL) with Army, Air and Naval Tactical Commands (ATK, FTK and MTK) located in Stockholm and Uppsala
Recruitment Centre (RekryC) located in Stockholm
Total Defense Protection Centre (SkyddC) located in Umeå
Swedish EOD and Demining Centre (SWEDEC) located in Eksjö
Swedish Armed Forces International Centre (Swedint) located in Stockholm/Kungsängen