Sturm und Drang (German for "storm and urge", usually idiomatically rendered "Storm and Stress") was a German literary movement which emphasized the volatile emotional life of the individual. It is most commonly viewed as occurring in the years 1767-85; although, the timelines 1769-86 and 1765-95 are given as well. The name originated in the play by Friedrich Maximilian von Klinger and was derived therefrom. The chief exponents of Sturm und Drang were the young Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and his friend and collaborator Friedrich von Schiller. Chief Sturm und Drang works are Goethe's 1773 play Götz von Berlichingen, Goethe's 1774 epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther, and Goethe's poem, "Prometheus".
After Goethe's journey to Italy, both he and Schiller effectively ended their Sturm und Drang and started a very different movement: Weimar Classicism.
The Sturm und Drang movement also had influence on music composers of the time. Notable examples are the Sturm und Drang Symphonies from the middle period of Joseph Haydn's work (see for example Symphony No. 39 (Haydn) and the Symphony in G minor by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart).
Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805)
Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751-1792)
Friedrich Maximilian Klinger (1752-1831)
Gottfried August Bürger (1747-1794)
Heinrich Wilhelm von Gerstenberg (1737-1823)
Johann Georg Hamann (1730-1788)
Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse (1746-1803)
Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803)
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"Sturm und Drang".
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