The fictional galaxy where the setting of the Star Wars saga occurs is known simply as the Star Wars galaxy while in the canon it is referred as the Galaxy or the Known Galaxy. Fans refer to it as the Galaxy Far Far Away or GFFA for short. Judging from the maps, it appears to be a galaxy of Sb type. According to some sources the length of the galaxy is 120,000 light years across.
There are approximately 400 billion stars and around half of these have planets that can support life. 10% of those developed life, while sentient life developed in 1/1000 of those.
It has countless stars packed together in a relatively small area, so hyperspace travel is slow and dangerous. The intense radiation and relatively young stars mean that it has very few habitable worlds compared to the rest of the galaxy. After the Battle of Endor, Imperial forces loyal to the resurrected Emperor Palpatine fortified the Deep Core as a bastion of Imperial might.
The few known worlds of the Deep Core include Byss, Khomm, Ruan, and the Empress Teta system. The Koornacht Cluster is one particularly dense area of stars, located at the edge of the Deep Core bordering on the Core Worlds, and contains numerous planets including N'Zoth, the homeworld of the Yevetha. The moon Ebaq 9 was the setting for a major battle during the Yuuzhan Vong invasion, resulting in a New Republic victory following the successful execution of a trap for the Yuuzhan Vong.
The Core Worlds contain millions of systems, including Coruscant, Alderaan, Corellia, Chandrila, Nubia, Duro, and Ciutric. Less dense than the Deep Core, the Core Worlds are the center of commerce and society in the galaxy as they lie on the intersection of the many great hyperspace lanes. The Colonies include Commenor, Cato Neimoidia, and Bilbringi, as well as numerous other worlds which have served as stage for the great Galactic Civil War in the fight between the Empire and the Rebel Alliance.
During the Galactic Civil War, the Empire ruthlessly controlled the region. After the death of Emperor Palpatine, most of the Region joined the New Republic.
The Outer Rim Territories is the outermost part of the explored portion of the Star Wars galaxy. During the long period of the Galactic Republic, the Outer Rims were almost isolated, this is due to many unchartered regions and planets, untouched for countless centuries. Because of this isolation from other worlds, it became a breeding ground for criminals and scum. Seen in A New Hope, the Galactic Empire's presence is made known in the area. Because of the Empire's corrupt type of government, many criminals still retained their criminal underworlds, such as the infamous Jabba the Hutt.
After the Mandalorian War Revan and Malak led a fifth of the Republic fleet, claiming to be searching for more Mandalorians, into this region. It should be noted that these regions were considered unknown at the time, but were later included in the outer rim because the "unkown" regions is only uncharted regions for the given time. The fleet vanished for months and was presumed lost. Later the fleet returned with ships of alien design and started attacking the Republic. This lead to the start of the Jedi Civil War. After the Jedi Civil War, Revan left into these unknown regions again and has not returned since. It is rumored he went to fight the true Sith. Little is known of where he went or when Revan will return, but many are waiting. The Jedi Exile went to the Unknown Regions 5 years later to help Revan with this task. The fate of the two Jedi remains unknown.
Csilla, home to the Chiss, is one of the only known inhabited planets in the Unknown Regions. The Chiss Grand Admiral, Thrawn, was tasked by Emperor Palpatine to lead a pacification mission into the Unknown Regions, a duty that Thrawn carried out until five years after the Emperor's death. Furthermore, the ancient insectoid Killik race inhabits this region of space; their territory borders Chiss space. Rakata Prime, the Rakatan homeworld, is also located in the Unknown Regions. Another species that seems to live in the Unknown Regions are the Vagaari.
In the New Jedi Order book series, the living planet of Zonoma Sekot flees into the Unknown Regions after being attacked by the "far outsiders" (Yuuzhan Vong). The Jedi find record of the planet's travels after extensive searching, and the Jedi Luke Skywalker leads a team of other Jedi to search for the world in the Unknown Regions; record shows it repelled the Yuuzhan Vong in the past and the Jedi now seek a new ally to help once again thwart the invading Yuuzhang Vong. They eventually are successful and persuade the living planet to attempt a hazardous return to known space.
As of the Emperor's New Order, a constellation of 50 or more planetary systems is defined as a Sector. Sectors of Note include (followed by a notable system or planet):
Also see Sectors of Star Wars and Systems of Star Wars
Bothan Space — A region between the Mid Rim and Outer Rim, which is home to the Bothan race. The capital of Bothan Space is Bothawui. The Caamas incident, involving the genocide of the planet Caamas, took place in this region.
Hutt Space — A region in the Outer Rim Territories, which is controlled by criminal gangsters known as the Hutts. It was subjugated by the Yuuzhan Vong during their invasion after the Hutts attempted to double cross them. The space is comprised of planets such as Nal Hutta and Ylesia. The Y'toub system is the location of both Nal Hutta, and the Smuggler's Moon, Nar Shaddaa. It is surrounded by the planets Bimmisaari, Kubindi, Kessel, Honoghr, Barabi and Gamorr. The Tion Cluster is the right and Bothan Space to the left.
Corporate Sector Authority — The government of a free enterprise fiefdom known as the Corporate Sector that was formed in 490 BBY to free the Republic lawmakers and the Corporate moneymakers from their differences. During the height of Emperor Palpatine's rule of the galaxy, the Corporate Sector Authority comprised of 30,000 star systems. Shortly after the battle of Hoth, the Corperate Sector found it profitable to develop technologies for the Rebel Alliance. At a research space station called Pondunt Corperate Sector scientists created the Mag Pulse warhead. This warhead could temporarily nutralize the weapon systems on an enemy ship. They then handed the Mag Pulse over to the Rebels, who in turn used it in a raid at an Imperial Research space station. A Rebel B-Wing carring the warhead was captured in the fight. An analysis of the Mag Pulse traced its orgins to the Corperate Sector. Emperor Palpatine dispatched Grand Admiral Zaarin to capture the research station Pondunt to seize the Mag Pulse schematics and teach the Corperate Sector a lesson. The Imperial raid was a success, and afterwards relations between the Corperate Sector and the Galactic Empire were at an all time low. During the Yuuzhan Vong invasion, the Corporate Sector isolated itself from the Galaxy.
Tion Hegemony — Also known as the Ancient and Honorable Union of the Tion Hegemony, this sector of the Tion Cluster is a collection of 27 star systems. It is far from the Core Worlds, but embraces some of the oldest and most ancient human civilizations in the galaxy. As time went on, the Hegemony lost power, but the it remained the breadbasket of the Tion, providing foodstuffs for all three of the Tion's sectors.
Cronese Mandate — A small government within the galaxy.
Hapes Consortium — An female-dominated alliance of sixty-three worlds. It originated as a base for pirates and privateers, but soon turned into a high class society with elegant ship designs and sprawling cities. The chief of state is the Queen Mother. The Queen Mother is also head of the royal family. It is the task of the prince to find a wife who will give birth to the next Queen Mother.
Ssi-Ruuk Star Cluster — Also known as the Ssi-ruuvi Imperium, this cluster of planets was inhabited by the technologically-advanced Ssi-Ruuk. It is located beyond the Outer Rim.
The Centrality — An independent government in a large and remote region of space nestled between Hutt Space and the Cron Drift. It was an empty region lacking many stable hyperspace routes, with areas so devoid of systems that some travelers would run out of fuel before finishing their journeys even halfway.
Imperial Remnant — The remainder of the Galactic Empire that came about following the Bastion Accords that ended the Galactic Civil War. Its capital of Bastion, located deep in the Outer Rim.
Cairn — an asteroid located in the Outer Rim Territories. Kyle Katarn visits the asteroid in the game Jedi Outcast. A base of operations for the Imperial Remnant, Cairn is later taken by the New Republic.
Cowl Crucible — A nebula that was located between Lahara and Oricho Sectors.
Cron Drift — A small galactic region located near the Tion Cluster in the Outer Rim territories.
Dragonflower Nebula — A nebula near and around the Gamorrean colony world of Pzob in the Outer Rim. Site of the Imperial battlemoon Eye of Palpatine until it undertook its mission to Belsavis eight years after the Battle of Endor.
Koornacht Cluster — A cluster of dozens of planets located in the Deep Core, featuring J'p'tan among many others.
Lupalnia Satellite Moons — A collection of articial moons created by the Empire, located on the outer rim, to monitor the nearby planets.
The Maw — An unstable and almost completely unnavigable cluster of black holes located near the planet Kessel. The Maw was the site of Grand Moff Tarkin's Maw Installation, which built the Death Star superweapon, among others.
Nyarikan Nebula — A nebula near Garos IV and Sundari.
Rishi Maze — A satellite galaxy located beyond the frontier of the main galactic disk
Stenness Node — A collection of seven mining worlds in three star systems located in the Colonies region. There are 25 humanoid species, who collectively are often referred to as 'Nessies. Due to the demand for the ores mined, Stenness Node was given its own hyperspace jump very early on. While the mines are played out now, the wealth generated still provides good lifestyles for the planets' inhabitants, who are highly addicted to spice.
Tingel Arm — A region of the Corporate Sector that extends off of one of the galaxy's arms.
Tion Cluster — A cluster of planets located near the Cron Drift in the Outer Rim territories. It is the home to Sienar Fleet Systems, as well as the planets Lianna, Dellalt, and Rhen Var. It has a rich history with the Jedi Order, and was one of the choke points during the Clone Wars.
A well-known but confusing description of the Kessel Run is made by Han Solo in A New Hope when he boasts to have made the run with the Millennium Falcon in "less than twelve parsecs." A parsec is a unit of distance, not a measure of time or speed. Some have explained this apparent error by postulating the presence of a black hole cluster (The Maw) close to Kessel, which is used by pilots to shorten the distance of the run. However, Lucas reveals in the DVD commentary of A New Hope that Solo was referring to distance. Lucas points out that a shorter distance traveled results in a shorter time. In the Star Wars galaxy, he explains, racers of the Kessel Run had the goal of plotting the shortest distance through space in order to reach this shorter time.
According to Expanded Universe literature, navigating the Maw black hole cluster is extremely hazardous. Ships making runs must take long complex courses to avoid the dangerous singularities and gravity distortions of the cluster. However, it is speculated that Solo brazenly shaved by the gravity wells, thus achieving a run under a distance of 12 parsecs where a safer route would be much longer. This shorter run, by necessity, would require a faster ship than more circuitious routes, since a slower ship would not be able to resist the gravitational pull of the closer black-holes.
The question of whether Solo was boasting about the speed of his ship, or his skillful abilities at piloting is still debated amongst fans. One could also look at the wording of the quote and consider Solo may have been mentioning another aspect of the Falcon's fame that is unrelated to its speed - that she earned prestige for surviving a dangerous short-distanced Kessel Run, as well as being "fast".
A more straightforward explanation is that George Lucas, in writing the script, did not remember or realize that parsecs are not time measurements. According to some sources, Lucas did realize this, but wished to portray Han Solo as an absent-minded braggart who simply did not know what he was talking about. The bemused reactions of Obi-Wan Kenobi and Luke Skywalker to Han's quip suggest that this could be the case.
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