is a Zen temple located in northwest Kyoto, Japan. Belonging to the Myōshinji school of the Rinzai branch of Zen Buddhism, the temple is one of the Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The site of the temple was originally a Fujiwara family estate.

To many, the temple's name is synonymous with the temple's famous karesansui (dry landscape) rock garden, thought to have been built in the late 1400s. The garden consists of raked gravel and fifteen moss-covered boulders, which are placed so that, when looking at the garden from any angle (other than from above) only fourteen of the boulders are visible at one time. It is believed that only through attaining enlightenment would one be able to view the fifteenth boulder.

In an article published by the science journal Nature, Gert J. Van Tonder and Michael J. Lyons analyze the rock garden by generating a model of shape analysis (medial axis transformation) in early visual processing.

Using this model, they show that the empty space of the garden is implicitly structured, and is aligned with the temple's architecture. According to the researchers, one critical axis of symmetry passes close to the centre of the main hall, which is the traditionally preferred viewing point. In essence, viewing the placement of the stones from a sightline along this point brings a shape from nature (a dichotomously branched tree with a mean branch length decreasing monotonically from the trunk to the tertiary level) in relief.

The researchers propose that the implicit structure of the garden is designed to appeal to the viewers unconscious visual sensitivity to axial-symmetry skeletons of stimulus shapes. In support of their findings, they found that imposing a random perturbation of the locations of individual rock features destroyed the special characteristics.

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References

External links

• Ryōan-ji website (in Japanese)

Temples and shrines in Kyoto | Zen temples | Gardens in Japan | World Heritage Sites in Japan

Rjóandži | Ryōan-ji | Ryōan-ji | Ryōan-ji | Ryoan-ji | 龍安寺 | Ryoanji | Ryōan-ji