There have been several well-known people named Robert Anderson, including:

• Robert Anderson (businessman) (1803–1896) Scots-Canadian businessman.
• Robert Anderson (actor) (1890–1963).
• Robert Anderson (author).
• Robert Anderson (cricketer).
• Robert Anderson (diplomat), former United States ambassador to Morocco.
• Robert Anderson (guitarist) (born 1957).
• Robert Anderson (museum director).
• Robert Anderson (sailor) (born 1841), U.S. Navy sailor and Medal of Honor recipient.
• Robert Anderson (screenwriter) (born 1917).
• Robert Anderson (New Zealand), former New Zealand politician.
• Robert Anderson (artist).
• Major Robert Anderson (1805–1871), commander at Fort Sumter at the start of the American Civil War.
• Sir Robert Anderson (1841–1918), lawyer, British intelligence officer and London CID chief, in charge during the Jack the Ripper murders, knighted in 1901.
• Robert Bernard Anderson (1910–1989), businessman and politician.
• Robert G. Anderson (20th century, possibly 21st) economist.
• Robert Anderson (Australian rules footballer) former Footscray player in the VFL/AFL and premiership captain of Queanbeyan Tigers
• Robert Alexander Anderson (1858–1916), Canadian politician.
• Robert Anderson (General), Australian World War I Brigadier General.

Robert Anderson