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Richard Henry Lee (January 20, 1732–June 19, 1794) was the sixth President of the United States in Congress assembled under the Articles of Confederation, holding office from November 30, 1784 to November 22, 1785. He was preceded in office by Thomas Mifflin and succeeded by John Hancock.
Lee was born in Stratford, Westmoreland County, Virginia on January 20, 1732. He was sent to England and educated at Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Wakefield in Yorkshire. In 1752 he returned to Virginia, where he began to practice law.
In 1757 he was appointed justice of the peace for Westmoreland County. In 1761 he was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses, where he remained until 1788. An early advocate of independence, he became one of the first to create Committees of Correspondence among the many independence-minded Americans in the various colonies.
In August, 1774, Lee was chosen as a delegate to the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1775 he became a Colonel of militia in Westmoreland County. In Lee's Resolution, Lee put forth the motion to the Continental Congress to declare Independence from England. which read (in part): "Resolved: That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved." Due to Lee's absence from the Congress because of his wife's illness, Thomas Jefferson was chosen to write the Declaration.
He opposed creation of the United States Constitution as creating too powerful a central government. It was through his urgings that the Tenth Amendment, reserving all unlisted powers to the states or to the people, was created. Lee was elected by the state legislature of Virginia to be one of its first two United States Senators, but he was forced to resign in 1792 due to ill health.
He died at his home, Chantilly, in Westmoreland County on June 19, 1794. He is buried in Burnt House Field Cemetery, Mount Pleasant, near Hague, Virginia, Westmoreland, Virginia.
Biographical facts
- Parents: Thomas Lee (b. 1690, d. November 1750) and Hannah Harrison Ludwell (d. January 25, 1750)
- Siblings:
- Married Ann Aylett (b. 1738, d. December 12, 1768) on December 3, 1757
- Children by Ann:
- Married Anne Gaskins Pinckard in July 1768
- Children by Anne:
- Anne Lee (b. December 1, 1770, d. September 9, 1804)
- Henrietta Lee (b. December 10, 1773, d. c.1804)
- Sarah Lee (b. December 27, 1775, d. May 8, 1837)
- Cassius Lee (b. August 18, 1779, d. July 8, 1798)
- Francis Lightfoot Lee (b. June 18, 1782, d. April 13, 1850)
Quotes
“To preserve liberty, it is essential that the whole body of the people always possess arms and be taught alike, especially when young, how to use them.” Richard Henry Lee
“Resolved: That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.” Richard Henry Lee
Political offices
- Justice of the Peace for Westmoreland County, Virginia (1757)
- Virginia House of Burgesses (1758 - 1775)
- Member of the Continental Congress (1774 - 1779, 1784 - 1785, 1787)
- A Signer of the Declaration of Independence
- Virginia State House of Burgesses (1777, 1780, 1785)
- Colonel of the Westmoreland, Virginia Militia
- United States Senator from Virginia (March 4, 1789 - October 8, 1792)
- President pro tempore during the Second Congress
External links
- http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/signers/rhlee.htm
1732 births | 1794 deaths | Continental Congressmen | Founding Fathers of the United States | Signers of the U.S. Declaration of Independence | United States Senators from Virginia | House of Burgesses | Lee family
"Richard Henry Lee"