A phylogenetic network is any graph used to visualize evolutionary relationships between species or organisms. It should be employed when reticulate events such as hybridization, horizontal gene transfer, recombination, or gene duplication and loss are believed to be involved, and, even in the absence of such events, phylogenetic networks may have a valuable role to play. Phylogenetic trees are a subset of phylogenetic networks.
D. H. Huson and D. Bryant, Application of Phylogenetic Networks in Evolutionary Studies, Mol. Biol. Evol., 23(2):254-267, 2006.
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