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Pashupati (Sanskrit: "lord of cattle/livestock") is a name of Rudra-Shiva in the Atharvaveda (the Rigveda has the related pashupa "protector of cattle" as a name of Pushan). Lord Shiva is widely known as Pashupati in contemporary Hinduism. The name has also been interpreted as meaning as "lord of creatures" more generally, compare the biblical "good shepherd" metaphor of e.g. Psalm 23, "The Lord is my shepherd".
The name has also been applied to a figure, probably a god, depicted as sitting among animals, discovered in the context of the Indus Valley Civilization. This god has been suggested as an earlier form of Rudra. Parallels have also been drawn with the Celtic Cernunnos.
The Pashupatinath temple is the most inmportant Hindu shrine for all Hindus in Nepal and also for many in India and rest of the world.
An explanation
It is said that all living organisms (including humanity) are 'tethered' by a 'rope' which is comprised of following nearly inevitable attributes of life:
1. Bhaya = Fear, fear of losing life, fear of suffering, fear of discomfort, and so on.
2. Maithun = Sexuality or reproduction.
3. Nidra = Sleep or rest
4. Aahaar = Food/resources to sustain the life itself
Siva is the shepherd who has tethered the living organisms so. This is the reason he is referred as Pashupati—one who is the master of all such tethered ones.
See also
"Pashupati"