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Palmerton is a borough in Carbon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,248 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Palmerton is located at (40.803077, -75.611808). It lies to the northeast of the junction of the Lehigh River and Aquashicola Creek. To the south of the town lies Blue Mountain, and to the north is Stony Ridge. Palmerton is located 3 miles east of Bowmanstown and 5 miles north of the twin towns of Walnutport and Slatington, 7 miles southeast of Lehighton, and 20 miles north of the city of Allentown. Palmerton's elevation is at 440 feet above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 6.5 km² (2.5 mi²). 6.4 km² (2.5 mi²) of it is land and 0.1 km² (0.04 mi²) of it (1.59%) is water.
The layout of Palmerton's streets and alleys is extremely regular, because most of the town was planned and built by the New Jersey Zinc Company. Avenues, which run east to west, contain the majority of addresses and are named for colleges and universities. Streets, running perpendicular, are numbered from First Street in the west to Eighth Street in the east. Most of the houses in the central and southern parts of town (the lower-class regions, closer to the zinc plants) are "doubles" -- one building divided down the center into two residences.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,248 people, 2,220 households, and 1,429 families residing in the borough. The population density was 813.8/km² (2,109.1/mi²). There were 2,365 housing units at an average density of 366.7/km² (950.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the borough was 98.29% White, 0.15% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.36% of the population.
There were 2,220 households out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.6% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the borough the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $31,522, and the median income for a family was $36,967. Males had a median income of $31,278 versus $21,781 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,225. About 8.5% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.
History
Native Americans lived in the area that is now Palmerton for many years. Early European settlers established the villages of Hazard and Little Gap, which were part of Lower Towamensing Township.
The history of Palmerton as a town, however, is generally considered to have begun in 1898. In this year, the New Jersey Zinc Company located a zinc smelting operation (what is now the West Plant) here, in order to take advantage of the anthracite coal being mined just north of Palmerton and the zinc mines in Franklin, New Jersey. The town was named after New Jersey Zinc's then-President, Stephen S. Palmer, though Palmer was reportedly not pleased with having his name on the town.
A second location, the East Plant, was established on the other side of town in 1911. Though other industries, such as several garment manufacturing shops, came to Palmerton, the zinc company was the major employer for most of the town's history. Much of the population was brought to the site, principally from Eastern Europe, in order to work in the zinc plants.
Palmerton was officially incorporated in 1912.
Zinc smelting was ended in 1980 due to a poor zinc market and environmental regulation. The East Plant continues to operate at reduced capacity, processing electric arc furnace dust into zinc calcine.
Superfund
Palmerton is currently the location of the Palmerton Zinc Superfund site. It was added to the National Priority List in 1983. The site is broken down into four Operable Units: the defoliated slope of Blue Mountain, the cinder banks, the soil in town, and the ground and surface water.
The remediation process in Palmerton has been contentious. Both the Environmental Protection Agency and the citizens' group Palmerton Citizens for a Clean Environment (PCCE) believe that extensive cleanup of the town's soil is necessary to protect human health. On the other hand, many citizens, including the Pro-Palmerton Coalition (PPC), argue that the health risks are exaggerated and that the town's Superfund status stigmatizes it. Both groups, as well as other stakeholders, are part of a Superfund Community Advisory Group called the Palmerton Environmental Task Force.
External links
"Palmerton, Pennsylvania"