OMOV, an acronym standing for "one man, one vote" or "one member, one vote", is a term used to support wider and more equal participation in political systems.

Where voting is restricted, it is the slogan of those looking to achieve universal suffrage, and with the broadening of the electoral base to include women is better described as "one person, one vote". It is also used to oppose second votes for some individuals, for example those associated with a university constituency.

Within representative systems, it is a slogan calling for more direct democracy. In particular, many political parties moved to OMOV systems to choose their leaders.

In United States politics and jurisprudence, it can be shorthand for various reapportionment cases decided by the Supreme Court, culminating up to the Wesberry v. Sanders, Reynolds v. Sims and Baker v. Carr decisions which ruled that legislative districts for the House of Representatives had to be roughly equal in population. The Senate is not elected based on equal population ^*. The cases concerning the House of Representatives ended the pattern of gross rural overrespresentation and urban underrepresentation in this legislature, but state legislatures still today sometimes try to overpopulate the opposing parties strongholds.

Voting systems