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The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (; Ossetic: Цӕгат Ирыстоны Аланийы Республикӕ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). The direct transliteration of the Russian name of the republic is Respublika Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya. Its name in Ossetic transliterates as Căgat Irystony Alanijy Respublikă.
History
- Main article: History of North Ossetia-Alania
Geography
The Republic is located in the northern Caucasus. The northern part of the republic is situated in the Stavropol Plain. 22% of the republic's territory is covered by forests.
- Area: 8,000 km²
- Borders:
- internal: Kabardino-Balkaria (W/NW/N), Stavropol Krai (N), Chechnya (NE/E), Ingushetia (E/SE)
- international: Georgia (including South Ossetia) (SE/S/SW)
- Highest point: Mount Dzhimara, 4,780 m
- Maximum N->S distance: 130 km.
- Maximum E->W distance: 120 km.
Time zone
North Ossetia-Alania is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).Rivers
All of the republic's rivers belong to the basin of the Terek River. Major rivers include:- Terek River (~600 km)
- Urukh River (104 km)
- Ardon River (101 km)
- Kambileyevka River (99 km)
- Gizeldon River (81 km)
- Fiagdon River
- Sunzha River
Mountains
All of the mountains located on the territory of the republic are a part of the Caucasus. Mount Dzhimara is the highest point (4,780 m), with Mount Ulipata being the second highest (4,638 m).Natural Resources
Natural resources include minerals (copper, silver, zinc), timber, mineral waters, hydroelectric power, and untapped reserves of oil and gas.Climate
Climate is moderately continental.- Average January temperature: −5°C
- Average July temperature: +24°C
- Average annual precipitation: 400-700 mm in the plains, over 1,000 mm in the mountains.
Administrative divisions
- Main article: Administrative divisions of North Ossetia-Alania
Demographics
The Ossetian population of North Ossetia is predominantly Christian with a Muslim minority, speaking Ossetic and Russian.
The republic has a sizeable group of non-native Ingush and Armenian population; however, a portion of the Ingush population left for Ingushetia with the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the outbreak of interethnic conflict in the region. At the same time, refugees from neighboring republics, mostly South Ossetia, resettled in North Ossetia.
Overall, over 90 different nationalities live in the republic. Ossetians account for 53% of the population, followed by Russians (30%), Ingush (5%), and Armenians (2%).
- Population: 710,275 (2002)
- Urban: 464,875 (65.5%)
- Rural: 245,400 (34.5%)
- Male: 336,035 (47.3%)
- Female: 374,240 (52.7%)
- Females per 1000 males: 1,114
- Average age: 33.8 years
- Urban: 34.2 years
- Rural: 32.9 years
- Male: 30.4 years
- Female: 36.9 years
- Number of households: 200,191 (with 690,806 people)
- Urban: 143,397 (with 447,884 people)
- Rural: 56,794 (with 242,922 people)
Politics
The head of government in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is the Head of the Republic. As of 2005, the head of the republic is Taimuraz Dzambekovich Mamsurov. Mamsurov succeeded Alexander Dzasokhov, who voluntarily quit his post on May 31, 2005.
Economy
Despite the inevitable economic burden of a sizeable refugee population, North Ossetia is the most well-to-do republic in the northern Caucasus. It is the most urbanized and the most industrialized, with factories producing metals (lead, zinc, tungsten, etc.), electronics, chemicals, and processed foods.
Local agriculture focuses primarily on livestock, especially sheep and goats, and the cultivation of grains, fruit, and cotton.
Transportation
There is an airport in Vladikavkaz. Overall, the transport infrastructure is well-developed, with railroads and automobile roads being the principal means of transportation. The famous Georgian Military Road connects Vladikavkaz with Transcaucasia.Culture
There are six professional theaters in North Ossetia-Alania.
Education
The most important facilities of higher education include North Caucasus State Technological University, North Ossetian State University, North Ossetian State Medical Academy, and Mountain State Agrarian University; all located in Vladikavkaz.
Religion
The most common religions are Russian Orthodox Church and Islam.
See also
External links
General
- Official website of the President of the Republic.
- Official website of the Parliament of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.
- Ossetia—History, culture, politics, news.
- Pictures of North Ossetia-Alania (in Esperanto).
- Welcome to North Ossetia (by Toma Kulaeva) (also in Ossetic).
Education
- North Ossetian State University.
- North Ossetian State Medical Academy.
- Higher Institute of Management.
- Institute of Civilization.
Mass media
- Electronic version of the North Ossetia (Severnaya Osetiya) republican newspaper.
- North Ossetian information portal 15th Region (15y Region).
North Ossetia | Divided regions
أوستيا الشمالية - ألانيا | Северна Осетия | Ossètia del Nord - Alània | Nordossetien | Nordossetien | Põhja-Osseetia Alaania Vabariik | Osetia del Norte - Alania | Nord-Osetio | Alania | اوستیای شمالی-آلانیا | Ossétie du Nord | 세베로오세티야 공화국 | Цæгат Ирыстон | Ossezia Settentrionale-Alania | צפון אוסטיה - אלניה | Noord-Ossetië | 北オセチア共和国 | Nord-Ossetia | Osetia Północna-Alania | Ossétia do Norte | Северная Осетия | Северна Осетија-Аланија | Pohjois-Ossetia-Alania | Nordossetien | 北奥塞梯-阿兰共和国
"North Ossetia-Alania"