Mother Superior may refer to:

• The nun in charge of a Christian convent. See also Abbess.
• The name of at least two obscure and possibly apocryphal cocktails: either a martini with a prune instead of an olive, or a glass of ginger ale with a prune in it. See also list of cocktails.
• Mother Superior is also the name of a rock band who became 3/4 of Rollins Band circa 2000.
• Mother Superior is also the name of a Swedish rock band founded in 1993, and that released their first album in 1996.
• The nickname of the primary heroin drug-dealer Johnny Swann in Irvine Welsh's novel Trainspotting.
• A famous lyrics in the song, Happiness is a Warm Gun by The Beatles. Mother Superior jumped the gun...