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The term Most Serene Republic (Latin Res publica Serenissima) is a name used for three former countries:
- The Republic of Venice (the Most Serene Republic of Venice), city-state that existed in Italy from the 9th century until the 18th century.
- The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (the Most Serene Republic of Poland), an elective monarchy in Central Europe, existing from 1569 until 1795.
- The Republic of Genoa (the Most Serene Republic of Genoa), an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast from ca. 1100 to 1805.
The term is also a style for San Marino (the Most Serene Republic of San Marino), a current independent state wholly surrounded by Italy.
It may also refer to the Canadian indie rock band The Most Serene Republic.
"Most Serene Republic"