is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). There are 240 days remaining.

The Northern Hemisphere is considered halfway through spring on , since there are usually 92 days in that season of the year.

Events

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• 1260 - Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire.
• 1640 - King Charles I of England disbands the Short Parliament.
• 1646 - King Charles I of England and Scotland surrenders to the Scottish Presbyterian Army at Newark.
• 1762 - Russia and Prussia sign the Treaty of St. Petersburg.
• 1789 - In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time in 150 years.
• 1809 - Mary Kies becomes the first woman awarded a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw with silk and thread.
• 1809 - The Swiss canton of Aargau denies citizenship to Jews.
• 1835 - In Belgium, the first railway in continental Europe opens between Brussels and Mechelen.
• 1862 - Cinco de Mayo in Mexico: Troops led by Ignacio Zaragoza halt a French invasion in the Battle of Puebla.
• 1864 - American Civil War: The Battle of the Wilderness begins in Spotsylvania County, Virginia.
• 1865 - In North Bend, Ohio (a suburb of Cincinnati), the first train robbery in the United States takes place.
• 1877 - Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.
• 1891 - The Music Hall in New York (now known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky as the guest conductor.
• 1893 - Panic of 1893: Crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts a depression.
• 1904 - Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics at the Huntington Avenue Grounds, Cy Young of the Boston Americans threw the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball.
• 1916 - American marines invade the Dominican Republic.
• 1925 - Scopes Trial: John T. Scopes is served an arrest warrant for teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
• 1925 - Afrikaans established as an official language in South Africa.
• 1936 - Italian troops occupy Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
• 1940 - World War II: In London, a Norwegian government-in-exile is formed.
• 1941 - Emperor Haile Selassie returns to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; this date has been since commemorated as Liberation Day.
• 1944 - Mohandas Gandhi is freed from prison.
• 1945 - World War II:
  • German troops in the Netherlands and Denmark capitulate to Canadian and British forces, liberating these countries from Nazi occupation.
  • Prague uprising against the Nazis.
  • Mauthausen concentration camp is liberated.
  • Admiral Karl Dönitz orders all U-boats to cease offensive operations and return to their bases.
  • A Japanese bomb, launched by balloon and called a fire balloon, explodes near Lakeview, Oregon, United States, killing a woman and five children who were examining it during a church picnic.
• 1948 - PFC CSKA Sofia football club is established.
• 1949 - The Council of Europe is formed.
• 1950 - Bhumibol Adulyadej is crowned as King Rama IX of Thailand.
• 1954 - A coup d'état carries General Alfredo Stroessner to power in Paraguay.
• 1955 - West Germany gains full sovereignty.
• 1961 - Mercury program: Mercury-Redstone 3 – Alan Shepard becomes the first American to travel into space, making a sub-orbital flight of 15 minutes.
• 1978 - Pete Rose of the Cincinnati Reds hits his 3000th major league hit.
• 1980 - Operation Nimrod: The Special Air Service storm the Iranian embassy in London after a six day siege.
• 1987 - Iran-Contra affair: Start of Congressional televised hearings.
• 1991 - A riot breaks out in the Mt. Pleasant section of Washington, DC after a Salvadoran man is shot by police.
• 1992 - Wolfenstein 3D is released, the first-ever first-person shooter computer game.
• 1994 - American Michael P. Fay is caned in Singapore as punishment for spray-painting two cars.
• 2005 - The United Kingdom general election takes place, in which Tony Blair's Labour Party are re-elected for a third, consecutive term.
• 2006 - Porter Goss announces his resignation as CIA director.
• 2006 - The government of Sudan signed an accord with the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA).

Births

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• 867 - Uda, Emperor of Japan (d. 931)
• 1210 - King Afonso III of Portugal (d. 1279)
• 1546 - Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, English politician (d. 1623)
• 1747 - Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1792)
• 1764 - Robert Craufurd, British general (d. 1812)
• 1813 - Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d. 1855)
• 1818 - Karl Marx, German political philosopher (d. 1883)
• 1826 - Empress Eugenie of France, wife of Napoleon III (d. 1920)
• 1832 - H.H. Bancroft, American historian and publisher (d. 1918)
• 1833 - Ferdinand von Richthofen, German geographer (d. 1905)
• 1834 - Viktor Hartmann, Russian architect and painter (d. 1873)
• 1846 - Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
• 1865 - Elizabeth Jane Cochran, American journalist and writer (d. 1922)
• 1866 - Thomas B. Thrige, Danish industrialist (d. 1938)
• 1869 - Hans Pfitzner, Russian-born composer (d. 1949)
• 1883 - Archibald Wavell, British general (d. 1950)
• 1887 - Geoffrey Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1972)
• 1890 - Christopher Morley, American writer (d. 1957)
• 1899 - Freeman Gosden, American radio comedian (Amos-Amos 'n' Andy) (d. 1982)
• 1901 - Blind Willie McTell, American singer (d. 1959)
• 1903 - James Beard, American chef and cookbook writer (d. 1985)
• 1908 - Kurt Böhme, German bass (d. 1989)
• 1914 - Tyrone Power, American actor (d. 1958)
• 1915 - Alice Faye, American actress (d. 1998)
• 1916 - Zail Singh, President of India (d. 1994)
• 1921 - Arthur Leonard Schawlow, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
• 1923 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (d. 2003)
• 1926 - Ann B. Davis, American actress
• 1935 - Douglas Marland, American television writer (d. 1993)
• 1936 - Patrick Gowers, British composer
• 1941 - Alexander Ragulin, Russian hockey player (d. 2004)
• 1942 - Marc Alaimo, American actor
• 1942 - Tammy Wynette, American musician (d. 1998)
• 1943 - Raphael, Spanish singer
• 1943 - Michael Palin, British writer, actor, and comedian
• 1944 - Roger Rees, Welsh actor
• 1944 - John Rhys-Davies, Welsh actor
• 1948 - Bill Ward, British drummer (Black Sabbath)
• 1952 - Campbell McComas, Australian impersonator and broadcaster (d. 2005)
• 1954 - Dave Spector, American television personality and commentator
• 1955 - Wil Harris, American drummer
• 1957 - Richard E. Grant, British actor
• 1958 - Ron Arad, Israeli aircraft navigator missing in action.
• 1963 - James LaBrie, Canadian singer (Dream Theater)
• 1966 - Shawn Drover, Canadian drummer (Megadeth)
• 1967 - Takehito Koyasu, Japanese seiyu (voice actor)
• 1970 - Kyan Douglas, American TV-personality, see Queer Eye for the Straight Guy
• 1970 - Juan Acevedo, Baseball player
• 1971 - David Reilly, American singer (God Lives Underwater) (d. 2005)
• 1972 - Devin Townsend, Canadian musician (Strapping Young Lad)
• 1972 - James Cracknell, British Rowing Champion, Double Olymipic Gold Medalist
• 1976 - Juan Pablo Sorín, Argentine footballer
• 1979 - Vincent Kartheiser, American actor
• 1981 - Craig David, British R&B singer
• 1981 - Danielle Fishel, American actress
• 1981 - Marcelle Bittar, Brazilian supermodel
• 1982 - Jay Bothroyd, English footballer
• 1984 - Wade MacNeil, Canadian guitarist (Alexisonfire)
• 1987 - John Gotti Agnello, son of columnist and author Victoria Gotti and grandson of mobster John Gotti
• 1989 - Chris Brown, American singer

Deaths

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• 200 - Sun Ce, a warlord of the Han Dynasty (b. 175)
• 311 - Galerius, Roman Emperor
• 1028 - King Alfonso V of Castile, León, and Galicia
• 1192 - Duke Ottokar IV of Styria (b. 1163)
• 1194 - King Casimir II of Poland (b. 1138)
• 1219 - King Leo II of Armenia (b. 1150)
• 1309 - King Charles II of Naples
• 1525 - Frederick III of Saxony (b. 1463)
• 1586 - Henry Sidney, Lord Deputy of Ireland (b. 1529)
• 1604 - Claudio Merulo, Italian composer (b. 1533)
• 1671 - Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, English politician (b. 1602)
• 1672 - Samuel Cooper, English painter (b. 1609)
• 1705 - Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1640)
• 1760 - Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers, English murderer (hanged) (b. 1720)
• 1766 - Jean Astruc, French physician and scholar (b. 1684)
• 1808 - Pierre Jean George Cabanis, French physiologist (b. 1757)
• 1811 - Robert Mylne, Scottish architect (b. 1734)
• 1821 - Napoleon I of France (b. 1769)
• 1827 - Frederick Augustus I of Saxony (b. 1750)
• 1855 - Sir Robert Inglis, Bt, English politician (b. 1786)
• 1859 - Peter Gustav Dirichlet, German mathematician (b. 1805)
• 1900 - Ivan Aivazovsky, Russian painter (b. 1817)
• 1921 - Alfred Hermann Fried, Austrian writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1864)
• 1941 - Natalija Obrenović, Queen of Serbia (b. 1859)
• 1947 - Ty LaForest, Canadian baseball player (b. 1917)
• 1959 - Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1878)
• 1962 - Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (b. 1889)
• 1971 - Violet Jessop, Titanic survivor (b. 1887)
• 1977 - Ludwig Erhard, a German politician (CDU) and Chancellor of Germany from 1963 until 1966 (b. 1897)
• 1981 - Bobby Sands, Irish activist (b. 1954)
• 1985 - Sir Donald Bailey, British civil engineer (b. 1901)
• 1988 - Michael Shaara, American author (b. 1928)
• 1992 - Jean-Claude Pascal, French singer (b.1927)
• 1995 - Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (b. 1911)
• 1997 - Walter Gotell, German actor (b. 1924)
• 2000 - Gino Bartali, Italian cyclist (b. 1914)
• 2001 - Cliff Hillegass, American writer and publisher
• 2003 - Walter Sisulu, South African activist (b. 1912)
• 2006 - Naushad Ali, Indian composer (b. 1919)

Holidays and observances

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• International Midwives Day.
• International No Pants Day.
• Council of Europe: Europe Day.
• Albania: Martyrs' Day.
• Denmark: Liberation Day (1945).
• Ethiopia: Liberation Day (1941).
• Guyana: Indian Immigration Day (1838).
• Hong Kong, Macau, South Korea and Taiwan (2006): Buddha's Birthday.
• Japan: Tango no Sekku (Boy's Day) or Kodomo no hi (Children's Day).
• Mexico and (informally) the United States: Cinco de Mayo (1862).
• The Netherlands: May 5, Liberation day (1945).
• Northern Territory, Australia: May Day.
• South Korea: Children's Day.
• United States - Bonza Bottler Day.

Liturgical Feast days

in the Roman Catholic Church:

• Ascension Day in Western Christianity (2005).
• Saint Angelus of Jerusalem (d. 1222)
• Saint Aventinus (d. 1189)
• Saint Britto
• Saint Gerontius (d. 472)
• Saint Godehart (d. 1038)
• Saint Nicetius
• Saint Hilary of Arles (d. 449)
• Saint Pius V (1505-1572)
• Saint Jutta of Kulmsee, aka Saint Jutta of Sangerhausen or Saint Judith of Prussia (d. 1260)
• Blessed Aleidis

Orthodox Christian saints:

• Adrian of Monzensk
• Great Martyr Irene
• Martyrs Neophytos, Gaius and Gaianus
• Euthymios the Wonderworker
• Barlaam of Serpukhov
• Martin and Heraclius of Illyria
• Eulogios the Confessor
• New Martyr Ephraim of Nea Makri
• Roly Poly of Georgia.

External links

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• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• The History Channel: On this day

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