List of R-phrases

R-phrases (short for Risk Phrases) are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. The list was consolidated and republished in Directive 2001/59/EC, where translations into other EU languages may be found.

Explosive when dry

Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition

Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition

Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds

Heating may cause an explosion

Explosive with or without contact with air

May cause fire

Contact with combustible material may cause fire

Explosive when mixed with combustible material

Flammable

Highly flammable

Extremely flammable

Reacts violently with water

Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases

Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances

Spontaneously flammable in air

In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture

May form explosive peroxides

Harmful by inhalation

Harmful in contact with skin

Harmful if swallowed

Toxic by inhalation

Toxic in contact with skin

Toxic if swallowed

Very toxic by inhalation

Very toxic in contact with skin

Very toxic if swallowed

Contact with water liberates toxic gas.

Can become highly flammable in use

Contact with acids liberates toxic gas

Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas

Danger of cumulative effects

Causes burns

Causes severe burns

Irritating to eyes

Irritating to respiratory system

Irritating to skin

Danger of very serious irreversible effects

Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect

Risk of serious damage to eyes

May cause sensitisation by inhalation

May cause sensitisation by skin contact

Risk of explosion if heated under confinement

May cause cancer

May cause heritable genetic damage

Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure

May cause cancer by inhalation

Very toxic to aquatic organisms

Toxic to aquatic organisms

Harmful to aquatic organisms

May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Toxic to flora

Toxic to fauna

Toxic to soil organisms

Toxic to bees

May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment

Dangerous for the ozone layer

May impair fertility

May cause harm to the unborn child

Possible risk of impaired fertility

Possible risk of harm to the unborn child

May cause harm to breast-fed babies

Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed

Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking

Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness

Possible risk of irreversible effects

Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases

Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gases

Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin

Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed

Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed

Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin

Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed

Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed

Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin

Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed

Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed

Irritating to eyes and respiratory system

Irritating to eyes and skin

Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin

Irritating to respiratory system and skin

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed

Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed

Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

May cause sensitisation by inhalation and skin contact

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed

Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed

Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed

Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

R-Phrases no longer in use

R13: Extremely flammable liquified gas.
R47: May cause birth defects.

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R-Phrases no longer in use

See also