Lansoprazole (lan-SOE-pra-zole) is a proton pump inhibitor which prevents the stomach from producing acid. It is marketed under the following brand names:

• Takepron® in Japan
• Prevacid® by TAP Pharmaceuticals in the U.S.
• Zoton®

Pharmacology

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Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor similar to omeprazole. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects (i.e. gastric acid suppression). The plasma elimination half-life is 1.5 hours or less, and the effects of the drug last for over 24 hours after it has been given for 5 days or more.

Indications

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Lansoprazole is indicated for:

• Treatment of ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, and NSAID-induced ulcers
• Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (also known as acid reflux disease)
• Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
• Treatment of Barrett's esophagus
• Adjunctive treatment of H. pylori infection, alongside antibiotics

Contraindications

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• Absorption of lansoprazole is reduced by antacids.
• PPI’s reduce absorption of antifungals (itraconazole and ketoconazole) and possibly increase Digoxin in plasma
• Increases plasma conc of Cilostazol (risk of toxicity)
• Absorption of lansoprazole possibly reduced by:
  • sucralfate
  • ampicillin
  • bisacodyl
  • delavirdine
  • fluvoxamine
  • iron salts
  • theophylline
  • voriconazole

Side effects

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• Infrequent: dry mouth, insomnia, drowsiness, blurred vision, rash, pruritus
• Rarely and very rarely: taste disturbance, liver dysfunction, peripheral oedema, hypersensitivity reactions (including bronchospasm, urinary, angioedema, anaphylaxis), photosensitivity, fever, sweating, depression, interstitial nephritis, blood disorders (including leukopenia, leukocytosis, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia), arthralgia, myalgia, skin reactions (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, bullous eruption)
• Increases the risk of gastric-intestinal infections by reducing gastric acidity.
• Severe: Gastro-intestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation), headache, dizziness

External links

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• Prevacid (manufacturer's website)
• Prevacid Pediatrics (manufacturer's website)
• Prevpac® (manufacturer's website)
• Lansoprazole (patient information)

Proton pump inhibitors