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Kaniv () or Kanev () is a city located in the Cherkasy Oblast (province) in central Ukraine. The city rests on the Dnieper River, and is the administrative center of the Kanivsky Raion (district), however the city itself is also designated as a district in the oblast. Kaniv is also one of the main inland river ports on the Dnieper.
The current estimated population is 26,426 (as of 2005).
Taras Shevchenko, considered a founder of Ukrainian literature, is buried on a hill overlooking the Dnieper in Kaniv, and the city houses a memorial museum dedicated to him.
Also, there is Kaniv's hydro-electric power plant located on the Dnieper River, and the "ΒΕΡΕC" fruit and vegetable, and condiments factory. Also, a large milk and cheese factory.
History
The town was first mentioned in a chronicle of 1149, although some believe that it had been founded as early as the tenth century. In the middle ages it was located on the Road from Varangians to Greeks. Initially part of Kievan Rus, in the fourteenth century it was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It was sacked by the Ottoman Turks in 1458.
In 1569, Kaniv came under the rule of Poland, and it was also one of the centers of Cossack culture and military life. In 1600 it received the Magdeburg Rights, but the city's prosperity was halted by successive plagues, fires, and Cossack unrest. During The Deluge the town was captured by the forces of Bohdan Khmelnytsky in 1648. In 1768 it was captured by one of the leaders of the Koliyivschyna, Maksym Zalizniak. As an effect of a pogrom, most of the local szlachta and Jews were killed. Following the Second Partition of Poland the town with large parts of other territories came under the control of the Russian Empire.
During the later stages of the Great War, on May 11, 1918, the town was the seat of the Battle of Kaniów, in which the forces of the 2nd Polish Corps and the Polish Legions under Józef Haller de Hallenburg failed to break through the Austro-German lines to the Russian side. During the Second World War, Kaniv was a site of a spectacularly unsuccessful drop of Soviet paratroopers.
Sister Cities
References
- (1972) Icтopia мicт i ciл Укpaїнcькoї CCP - Черкаськa область (History of Towns and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR - Cherkasy Oblast), Kyiv.
- Kaniv in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
External links
"Kaniv"