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John Smith QC (September 13, 1938 – May 12, 1994) was a Scottish and British politician who served as leader of the Labour Party from July 1992 until his sudden and unexpected death from a heart attack on 12 May 1994.
Biography
Born in Ardrishaig, Argyll and Bute, he went to school in Dunoon, Cowal, Argyll and Bute, before attending the University of Glasgow where he studied law. While at University he won the Observer Mace debating championship. After his death, this was renamed the John Smith Memorial Mace in his honour. He worked as an advocate before entering parliament for North Lanarkshire in 1970.
In the Labour government of the 1970s, Smith piloted the highly controversial devolution proposals for Scotland and Wales through the House of Commons. From 1978 until the government fell in 1979 he served as Secretary of State for Trade.
Despite a quiet, modest manner, and his politically moderate stance, he was a witty, often scathing speaker. He suffered a heart attack on 9 October 1988, whilst Shadow Chancellor, and lost a lot of weight in order not to risk further problems. His 'Shadow Budget' at the start of the 1992 general election was subsequently criticised as having contributed to Labour's surprise defeat, although it did not prevent him being elected to succeed Neil Kinnock as leader.
During his brief time as leader of the Labour Party he abolished the trade union block vote at Labour party conferences, and replaced it with "one member one vote". It was also during his time as leader, that the Labour party gained a significant lead in the polls over the Conservatives. He also committed a future Labour government to establishing a Scottish Parliament, a policy which was followed through by his successors (most notably his close friend Donald Dewar) after his death.
His sudden and untimely death made way for young hopeful Shadow Home Secretary Tony Blair. John Smith was buried on the holy island of Iona, special permission having already been obtained. Following Smith's death, the Labour Party renamed its then party headquarters in Walworth Road to John Smith House in his memory.
Smith was a traditional figure of the Labour right and, as such, was seen by many as a conservative leader. Tony Blair and Gordon Brown were, under Smith's leadership, restless and anxious in private that the party had adopted a "one more heave" approach and was overly cautious in tackling the legacy of "tax and spend".
Since Blair became leader Smith has become an icon of Labour's hard left because of his traditionalist approach and the contrast between his leadership and that of Blair. It remains a moot point whether Smith could have led the Labour Party to an electoral victory on the scale that Blair did in 1997.
His daughter, Sarah Smith, is a journalist and presents the news on the UK digital TV channel More4.
Quote
- "The opportunity to serve our country - that is all we ask."
1938 births | 1994 deaths | Members of the United Kingdom Parliament from Scottish constituencies | British Secretaries of State | Leaders of the British Labour Party | Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom | Natives of Argyll and Bute | Scottish lawyers | University of Glasgow alumni | Iona | Debaters
John Smith (Politiker) | John Smith (homme politique) | John Smith (politicus) | ジョン・スミス (労働党党首) | John Smith
"John Smith (UK politician)"