James Robertson may refer to:

• James Robertson (1742–1814), American farmer and explorer.
• James Robertson (1813–1888), British photographer and engraver.
• James Robertson (1850-1927), Scottish cricketer
• James B. A. Robertson (1871–1938), American lawyer and statesman.
• James Robertson, American Trotskyist politician.
• James Robertson, American judge.
• James Robertson, British pianist
• James Robertson (activist), Sustainability advocate
• James Robertson, VC (1883–1917), Victoria Cross recipient
• James Robertson OSB (1758 – 1820) Scottish Benedictine Monk and British Napoleonic War Intelligence Agent.