James Douglas may refer to:
- James Douglas (the Black) (1286–1330), ("the Good", "the Black") an early-14th century Lord of Douglas and champion of Robert the Bruce
- James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas (c. 1358–1388).
- James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas and 3rd Earl of Avondale (d. 1488)
- James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton (c. 1525–1581),
- James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton (1658–1712),
- James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry (1662–1711), (also 1st Duke of Dover) Scottish nobleman
- Sir James Douglas, 1st Baronet (1703–1787), Commodore for Newfoundland and Labrador, 1746,
- James Douglas (physician) (1675–1742), 17th century Scottish anatomist and physician
- James Douglas (Governor) (1803–1877), governor of Vancouver Island and British Columbia; head of Hudson's Bay Company operations in the Columbia District
- Sir James Douglas, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey 1837-1842
- James Douglas (businessman) (1837-1918) Canadian-born U.S. mining engineer, industrialist, and philanthropist who contributed greatly to the industrial growth and welfare of the U.S. Southwest.
- Jim Douglas (born 1952), governor of Vermont
- James Buster Douglas (born 1960), boxer
- James Postell Douglas, Texas state senator, 1870–1873
- James Douglas (actor), an actor who is perhaps most famous for playing attorney Grant Colman from 1974-81 on the CBS soap As the World Turns.
- James Douglas (1870-1958), English cricketer
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