Muirfield has hosted The Open Championship fifteen times, most recently in 2002 when Ernie Els lifted the trophy. Other past winners at Muirfield include Nick Faldo (twice), Tom Watson, Lee Trevino, Jack Nicklaus, Gary Player, Henry Cotton, Alf Perry, Walter Hagen, Harry Vardon and Harold Hilton. Muirfield has also hosted The Amateur Championship, the Ryder Cup, the Walker Cup, the Curtis Cup and many other tournaments.
The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers, based at Muirfield, holds the distinction of being the oldest golf club in the world, although the game of golf is several centuries older. The club's records date back to 1744 when it produced thirteen "Rules of Golf" for its first competition which was played for the "Silver Club". The club played on the 5 holes at Leith Links for nearly a century but in 1836 moved to Musselburgh's 9-hole Old Course. Musselburgh, like many prestigious Scottish courses including St Andrews, is a public course, and in 1891 the club built a private course at Muirfield.
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