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Hollow structural section (HSS) is a type of beam with a hollow rectangular cross-section. It is also called structural tubing or hollow structural steel, although it is available in other materials than steel. The corners are heavily rounded, to a radius of approximately twice the wall thickness. The wall thickness is uniform around the section. They are commonly used in welded steel frames where members experience loading in multiple directions. When the loading is more predictable, I-beams are usually a more efficient structural choice. The flat square surfaces of HSS can ease construction, and they are sometimes preferred for architectural beauty in exposed structures. HSS is commonly available in mild steel, such as A500 grade B, and aluminum alloy.
An alternative to HSS is pipe.
Manufacture
Square HSS is made from pipe during the manufacturing process, by pressing the round HSS into the square shape, while still hot. Most American manufacturers adhere to the ASTM A500 standard, while Canadian manufacturers follow CSA G40.21
Filled HSS
HSS is often filled with concrete to improve fire rating, as well as durability. For example, barriers around parking areas (bollards) made of HSS are often filled, to at least bumper height, with concrete.
Recent successful examples of the architectural aesthetics of HSS
HSS can be made into beautiful sculptural elements. Examples include the three new light stands that help to enhance the architectural beauty of Dundas Square in Toronto. The light stands are made of curved HSS of square cross section, and are finished in a high gloss white epoxy paint that nicely compliments the textured nonslip black granite surface from which Dundas Square is made.
External links
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