Hard polytheism specifies a variety of polytheism which considers the various Gods and Goddesses to be distinct divine beings with separate personalities. Hard polytheists reject the idea that "All Gods are One God", that the Gods are temporal manifestations or aspects of only one of the Gods or that deities merge or change into each other. In that, their point of view can be contrasted with soft polytheism. Hard Polytheists also reject the ideas that the Gods are merely archetypes or that they are simply personifications of natural forces.

It should be noted that Hard Polytheism does not involve the rejection of the understanding that the Gods are manifestations of a common divine essence. Neoplatonism, the underlying theology of Classical Polytheism developed the idea that the Gods share a common divine essence called The One.

The term "hard polytheism" is most often used to describe a theological position in Neopaganism, most commonly found among practitioners of reconstructionist Neopagan religions. It is especially prevalent in Hellenic polytheism and Religio Romana, as these revivalist movements are based on the ancient religions of Greece and Rome, which were generally hard polytheist in outlook.

Politeismo radicale

Neopaganism