The Fourth Council of the Lateran was summoned by Pope Innocent III with his Bull of April 19, 1213. The assembly took place in November, 1215. It was the 12th ecumenical council and is sometimes called "the General Council of Lateran" due to the attendance by seventy-one patriarchs and metropolitans, four hundred and twelve bishops, and nine hundred abbots and priors.

Innocent III stated his purposes as the defence of the Catholic faith, for the aid to the Crusader States in Palestine, and to establish the liberty of the Church from lay investiture and other lay interference. The pope presented to the council seventy decrees; these were considered along with the organisation of the Fifth Crusade and with measures against heretics. In this context, Saint Dominic and bishop Foulques of Toulouse discussed with the pope the establishment and constitution of the Order of Friars Preachers, finally approved fifteen months later by the new Pope Honorius III.

The council did little more than rubber-stamp the decrees presented to them. The decrees included:

• Exposition of the faith and of the dogma of transubstantiation
• Procedure and penalties against heretics and their protectors
• Proclamation of the papal primacy - After the pope, primacy is attributed to the patriarchial sees in the following order:
  • Constantinople (at this time there was a Latin Patriarch)
  • Alexandria
  • Antioch
  • Jerusalem
• Rules on the conduct of the clergy including against irregularities such as:
  • incontinence or non-celibate living
  • drunkenness
  • hunting
  • attendance at farces and histrionic exhibitions
  • performing of surgical operations
  • conducting trials by ordeal or combat
• the Omnis utriusque sexus (also called the Easter Duty), which commands every Christian who has reached the years of discretion to confess all their sins at least once a year to their priest
• Jews and Muslims shall wear a special dress to enable them to be distinguished from Christians (see Judenhut, yellow badge).

The council also confirmed the elevation of Frederick II to the position of Holy Roman Emperor.

See also

• Ecumenical council

External links

• Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council, 1215
• Catholic Encyclopedia: Fourth Lateran Council (1215)

1215 | Roman Catholic Church Councils

4. lateránský koncil | Viertes Laterankonzil | IVe concile œcuménique du Latran | IV concilio lateranense | Concilies van Lateranen | Sobór Laterański IV | Двенадцатый вселенский собор